EN
The establishment of maternity presented an issue that has traditionally been based on the doctrine of Roman law and raised no specific discussion in the legal practice. However, in the confrontation with the medical methods of recent decades, the question arises as to what is the current role of a rather ancient principle “mater semper certa est”, relating to its place in present times. In some countries, the validity of the principle is relativized by the methods of surrogacy, while elsewhere it retains far-reaching practical meaning. After looking for romanistic and historical roots of the principle, the contribution aims at the comparison of the legal regulations of chosen states that do not accept surrogacy (Germany, Austria) with countries, where, on the contrary, this method is legalized (Netherlands, Great Britain). We will also try to project our conclusions to the area of Czech and Slovak legal regulation.