EN
The author discusses the indistinct border between semantic derivation (metonymy) and syntactic derivation, namely the compression (condensation) of the grammatical structure of sentences and/or word groups. Linguistic conceptions of E.L. Ginzburg, P. Zmigrodzki and B.J. Norman are special, separate objects of considerations. The author represents own criterions for the distinction between metonymy and condensation, and devotes attention to Polish-Russian confrontations in regular polysemy.