Trampové, přírodovědci a brontosauři : Předlistopadová zkušenost českého environmentálního hnutí jako předzvěst ekologické modernizace

• Authors: Petr Jehlička , Joe Smith

Title variants

EN

Czech tramps, naturalists, and the Brontosaurus movement : pre-November experience of the Czech environmentalist movement as a portent of ecological modernization

• Languages of publication: CS

Abstracts

CS

a2_Klíčové pro pochopení souběžného působení romantické a vědecké složky v českém environmentalismu je jejich propojení v rovině osobní zkušenosti mnoha protagonistů (včetně pronásledování některých ekologických aktivit v období socialismu). Díky kombinaci odporu k etatistickému řešení problémů životního prostředí a úsilí o změnu vztahu společnosti k přírodě formou individuální zážitkové výchovy dospěl český environmentalismus intelektuálně do stejného bodu a ve stejnou dobu jako západoevropská ekologická modernizace, i když velmi odlišnou cestou. Zároveň však takto zformovaný český environmentalismus nebyl podle autorů vybaven k tomu, aby se po návratu země ke kapitalismu zapojil jako vyzrálý kritický aktér do řešení širších strukturálních aspektů krize životního prostředí, která neskončila spolu s bývalým režimem.

EN

a1_In terms of its mindset and mental setup, the post-November Czech environmentalism is in many respects compatible with the ecological modernization which has been the determining environmental discourse in the West since the 1980s. The authors claim, and attempt to infer so in their article, that the acompatibility is not just a result of imports of these ideas into the Czech environment since 1989, but rather that the groundwork for the acceptance of the ecological modernization paradigm was laid by a specific form of environmentalism which developed in Czechoslovakia during the socialist era. Its core was a combination of two seemingly incongruous elements; the inter-war romantic tradition of individual education toward environmentally concientious behavior through knowledge of and time spent in nature, rooted in the environment of North American ''woodcraft'' movements and in the Czech tramping movement, and the natural scientific and technocratic, rational attitude to the living environment haboured by the professional community, strongly influenced by the Soviet school of landscape ecology. The latter element´s strenght was its firm scientific ancoring; its weakness the impossibility to apply knowledge at the practical level of public policy and decision-making, as any social criticism of the then ruling regime was unacceptable. The solution was an increased emphasis on conscientious behavior of an individual reacting to ecological challenges, promoted by initiatives such as The Yew - The Union for the Protection of nature and landscape (TIS - Svaz pro ochranu přírody a krajiny), Czech Union for Nature Conservation (Český svaz ochránců přírody), or Brontosaurus Movement ( hnutí Brontosaurus).

EN

a2_The key to understanding the parallel coexistence of the romantic and the scientific components in the Czech environmentalism is their connection at the level of personal experience of many of its protagonists (including persecution of some ecological initiatives during the socialist era). Thanks to a combination of resistance against etatistic solutions of environmental problems and efforts aimed at changing the society´s attitude to nature through individual experience-based eduction, the Czech environmentalism reached the same intellectual point at the same time as the Western European ecological modernization although each used a very different route to get there. However, the authors claim that the Czech environmentalism that had formed in the manner outlined above was not adequately equipped or prepared to participate in solving broader structural aspects of the environmental crisis (which did not end with the demise of the previous regime) after the return of the country to capitalism.

Keywords

CS

životní prostředí; ekologické instituce a organizace; přírodovědci; tramping

EN

environment; ecological institutions and organizations; naturalists; tramping

Discipline

• HISTORY: HISTORY

• Publisher: Institute of Contemporary History, Czech Academy of Sciences
• Journal: Soudobé dějiny (Contemporary History)
• Year: 2017
• Volume: 24
• Issue: 1-2
• Pages: 78-101
• Document type: ARTICLE

Contributors

author

Petr Jehlička

• Soudobé dějiny, redakce, Ústav pro soudobé dějiny AV ČR, v.v.i., Vlašská 9, 118 40 Praha 1, Czech Republic

author

Joe Smith

• Soudobé dějiny, redakce, Ústav pro soudobé dějiny AV ČR, v.v.i., Vlašská 9, 118 40 Praha 1, Czech Republic