Základní trendy ve vývoji národopisu v německo-moravských vlastivědných muzeích

• Authors: Otakar Kirsch

Title variants

EN

Basic trends in the development of ethnography in German-Moravian ethnographic museums

• Languages of publication: CS

Abstracts

EN

Activities of German-Moravian ethnographic museums in the field of folk culture have undergone a number of transformations and reversions in the course of their development. There was a connection with not only from the interference of ethnographic and museological trends with their activities but also with political and nationalist factors. German groups started to realize the need to preserve materials from the rural environment. In some Moravian regions (Kravaře, Hřebeč, Jihlava areas), groups of ethnographic workers dedicated to folk culture were formed and their activities led to the foundation of several ethnographic museum collections. the influence of the central Viennese institution was, however, evident also in the further development of these institutions (e.g. as a model of classification of national collections, methods of presentation). In the First Republic period, German-Moravian museum workers were with increasing intensity coming closer to their counterparts in the German-language environment in Bohemia as well as in Germany from where numerous stimuli (Pessler, Blau, Jungbauer, Lehmann, Hönigschmid) came, bringing along not only new methodical elements into museum work but some of them also certain shifts in understanding the importance of ethnography in museums, in many aspects foreshadowing the subsequent totalitarian period.

EN

The post-Munich period divided Moravian museums intro three administrative units. In addition to common problems (museum network centralization), certain Nazi elements penetrated their presentation activities. Understanding of ethnographic issue often remained in old, fiercely nationalistic attitudes. During the protectorate, a special status was assumed by German museums that through the Association of Moravian Museums sought to encourage ethnographic efforts of Czech museums in Moravia with a goal to create tendencies centrifugal from the Czech national environment. The takeover of German-Moravian museums by the Czechoslovak administration in 1945 did not mean the end of the activities of Moravian Germans in the area. They were transferred to the area of the Federal Republic of Germany and to Austria where they not only played an important role in the integration of this group into local society but also as a strong evidence of the past life they recalled and still recall the lost homeland.

Keywords

EN

history of ethnography; German-Moravian museology; ethnographic collections; Moravian Germans; folk culture in Moravia

Discipline

• ETHNOLOGY: ETHNOLOGY

• Publisher: Czech Ethnological Society
• Journal: Národopisný věstník
• Year: 2011
• Volume: 28_(70)
• Issue: 1
• Pages: 19-42
• Document type: ARTICLE

Contributors

author

Otakar Kirsch

• Česká národopisná společnost, z. s., Národní třída 3, 117 20 Praha 1, Czech Republic