EN
The paper proposes the interpretation of two contextual meanings of Russian aspect. The author examines the factual and the processual meaning. The theoretical background of this paper is the theory of Yu. Maslov, V. Khrakovskii and E. Paducheva. The main aspectual meanings give different ways of viewing the internal temporary structure of a situation: 'a synchronic view of the situation' and 'a retrospective view of the situation'. They are described as the phasal meanings (the meaning of the initial phase, the intraterminal phase, the final phase etc.). These definitions show differences in the semantics of different types of perfective (delimitatives, ingressives, semelfactives etc.) and imperfective verbs. The presentation of each class is supplemented by graphs showing the relationships between the variables on the time axis.