EN
The contribution deals with a retrospective view on the research of the mass migrations after the Second World War motivated by a new geopolitical organization in Europe. The authoress uses the example of the population exchange between Hungary and Czechoslovakia in the period 1946-48 to analyze the processes of the relocation and removal of the population and their influence on the ethno - cultural and social development in this part of Europe. The analysis includes the critical reflection of the interpretation of those processes in the scholarly literature during socialism.