EN
The authoress attempts to find an answer to the question: Are Persian Gulf countries modern or backward? In its first part, the analysis deals mainly with demographic profiles, urbanization and development of tourism as favorable phenomena in every aspects of modernization processes. The data used in the paper comes from reliable sources as the 'Human Developments Reports' and volumes of the 'World Tourism Organization', 'The Economist - World in Numbers' and 'Computer Industry Almanac'. The subsequent part of the analysis focuses on a case study of Iran. The analysis is based on statistical data, literature as well as interviews with Iranians and a study visit held in May 2007. The answer on the question asked in title of the paper: backward or modern is: backward and modern.