EN
The author discusses three issues: ghetto formation, Jewish workers and the living conditions, mainly based on examples from small ghettoes. From the very beginning, ghettoisation involved loss of property, privacy and autonomy. The author's analysis of the organisation of Jewish forced labour reveals a significant stratification among Jewish forced labourers. The economic aspects of the relations between the Jews and the local non-Jewish population was often omitted by Holocaust researchers, who focused primarily on the formation of German policy and its destructive consequences.