EN
Problems and inspirations important for the analysis of the content of ideas are discussed, particularly in relation to the application of scientific data in the analysis. Various understandings and properties of facts that are studied by science and by metaphysics are presented. Further, the “reversal” of Ingarden’s relation between ontology and metaphysics as suggested by Władysław Stróżewski is discussed. This approach has been used to perform an analysis of the content of the general idea of man and to solve the problems related to the description of the idea of living organisms, characterized by both inter-individual variability (diversity) and intra-individual transformability (development). Substantial modifications of some of Ingarden’s solutions are proposed in order to overcome these difficulties.