EN
The paper aims to investigate doctors’ and surgeons’ professional practice and social position in the town of Poznań from 1575 to 1635. The paper is based on some after-death made registers of doctors’ and surgeons’ belongings, stored in the State Archive in Poznań. These registers were worked up by Stanisław Nawrocki and Jerzy Wisłocki as credible and valuable historical sources. From 1575 to 1635, only five registers of doctors’ possessions and two registers of surgeons’ belongings were registered in Poznań, however, there were five times more doctors and surgeons in Poznań at the time. Such registers were done only if belongings could come into a legacy in ambiguous way. Graduated from the Italian universities, doctors were related with affluent Poznań’s families by marriage. They were well educated and interested in music. Although doctors contributed to the social and economical development of the town, they practiced the out of date Greek-Arabic medicine. In renaissance Poznań surgeons carried out bloodletting, treated wounds and extracted teeth but didn’t perform any surgery.