Orientation tuning of a two-stimulus afterimage: Implications for theories of filling-in

• Authors: Daniel R. Van Horn , Gregory Francis

Abstracts

EN

Sequential viewing of 2 orthogonally related gratings produces an afterimage related to the first grating (Vidyasagar, Buzas, Kisyarday, & Eysel, 1999; Francis & Rothmayer, 2003). We investigated how the appearance of the afterimage depended on the relative orientations of the 2 stimulus gratings. We first analyze the theoretical explanation of the appearance of the afterimage that was proposed by Francis and Rothameyer (2003). From the analysis, we show that the model must predict a rapid drop in afterimage occurrence as the gratings deviate from orthogonal. We also show that the model predicts that the shape of the afterimage should always be orthogonal to the second grating. We then report on 2 experiments that test the properties of the model and find that the experimental data are strikingly different from the model predictions. From these discrepancies we identify the key deficits of the current version of the model.

Keywords

EN

afterimage; brightness perception; filling-in

• Publisher: Wyższa Szkoła Finansów i Zarządzania w Warszawie
• Journal: Advances in Cognitive Psychology
• Year: 2007
• Volume: 3
• Issue: 3
• Pages: 375-387

Contributors

author

Daniel R. Van Horn

• Psychological Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA

author

Gregory Francis

References

• Francis, G., & Rothmayer, M. (2003). Interactions of afterimages for orientation and color: Experimental data and model simulations.Perception & Psychophysics, 65, 508-522.[PubMed]
• Francis, G., & Schoonveld, W. (2005). Using afterimages for orientation and color to explore mechanisms of visual filling-in.Perception & Psychophysics, 67, 383-397.[PubMed]
• Georgeson, M. A., & Turner, R. S. E. (1985). After images of sinusoidal, square-wave and compound gratings.Vision Research, 11, 1709-1820.
• Gerrits, H. J. M., & Vendrick, A. J. H. (1970). Simultaneous contrast, filling-in process, and information processing in man's visual system.Experimental Brain Research, 11, 411-430.[PubMed]
• Grossberg, S. (1972). A neural theory of punishment and avoidance: II. Quantitative theory.Mathematical Biosciences, 15, 253-285.
• Grossberg, S. (1994). 3-D vision and figure-ground separation by visual cortex.Perception & Psychophysics, 55, 48-120.[PubMed]
• Grossberg, S., & Hong, S. (2006). A neural model of surface perception: Lightness, anchoring, and filling-in.Spatial Vision, 19, 263-321.[PubMed]
• Grossberg, S., & Todorovic, D. (1988). Neural dynamics of 1-D and 2-D brightness perception: A unified model of classical and recent phenomena.Perception & Psychophysics, 43, 241-277.[PubMed]
• Kelly, D. H., & Martinez-Uriegas, E. (1993). Measurements of chromatic and achromatic afterimages.Journal of the Optical Society of America A, 10, 29-37.[PubMed]
• MacKay, D. (1957). Moving visual images produced by regular stationary patterns.Nature, 180, 849-850.
• Paradiso, M. A., & Nakayama, K. (1991). Brightness perception and filling-in.Vision Research, 31, 1221-1236.[PubMed]
• Pelli, D. G. (1997). The VideoToolbox software for visual psychophysics: Transforming numbers into movies.Spatial Vision, 10, 437-442.[PubMed]
• Suzuki, S., & Grabowecky, M. (2003). Attention during adaptation weakens negative afterimages.Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 29, 793-807.[PubMed]
• Vidyasagar, T. R., Buzas, P., Kisyarday, Z. F., & Eysel, U. T. (1999). Release from inhibition reveals the visual past.Nature, 399, 422-423.[PubMed]
• Wede, J., & Francis, G. (2006). The time course of visual afterimages: Data and theory.Perception, 35, 1155-1170.[PubMed]
• Wede, J., & Francis, G. (in press). Attentional effects on afterimages: Theory and data.Vision Research.[PubMed]
• Brainard, D. H. (1997). The Psychophysics Toolbox.Spatial Vision, 10, 433-436.[PubMed]
• Francis, G., & Ericson, J. (2004). Using afterimages to test neural mechanisms for perceptual filling-in.Neural Networks, 17, 737-752.[PubMed]
• Francis, G., & Grossberg, S. (1996). Cortical dynamics of boundary segmentation and reset: Persistence, afterimages, and residual traces.Perception, 25, 543-567.[PubMed]
• Francis, G., Grossberg, S., & Mingolla, E. (1994). Cortical dynamics of feature binding and reset: Control of visual persistence.Vision Research, 34, 1089-1104.[PubMed]

Identifiers

DOI

10.2478/v10053-008-0002-7