EN
In the paper there are presented three realms that can be distinguished in Arthur Schopenhauer’s philosophical anthropology, realms in which human life proceeds. These are: the realm of nature, the realm of rationality and the realm of morality. In each of them there are possible two ways of existence, which the author calls respectively „normality” and „non-normality”. „Normality” and „non-normality” are collective notions, the former referring to ordinary life, devoid of metaphysical dimension and the latter to life that exceeds the phenomenal character of empirical reality. In characteristics of life called non-normality the author shows an optimistic trait of Schopenhauer’s philosophy of a human being.