PL
An author focused on review of pedagogical thought of Mencius, second, aft er Confucius, most important Confucian, that in great measure shaped that philosophical-religious system. Generally, Mencius is not mentioned in Polish pedagogical literature, that is why the author presented his philosophical, social, political, psychological and pedagogical views as well as their relations to principles of modern pedagogical trends, especially with existential, personalistic, cultural and antiauthoritarian pedagogics and some currents in psychology and humanistic pedagogics like holistic one. Th e author particularly dealt with Confucianism issues in Polish pedagogical writing, social order and educational ideal according to Confucius, Mencius’s educational ideal, principles and methods of moral education trends and teaching methods as well as associations between pedagogical conception of Mencius and principles of modern currents of Western pedagogics. Th ese associations are particularly placed in a fi eld of moral education, education for freedom and spiritual self-realization, thanks to realization of essence of humanity, that in Western pedagogics was set by Kant’s idealism. Acquaintance of Mengzi’s pedagogical thought allows also to understand modern paradigms and pedagogical rationality better.