Escaping the Guillotine: The Gap between the Crimes Punishable by Death and the Effective Death Sentences (France, 20th Century)

• Authors: Picard, Nicolas

Abstracts

EN

A statistical report of 1906 evaluated the place of death sentences in the judicial system, with the main purpose of supporting the bill of abolition of the death penalty (finally rejected). This report showed the negligible role of the capital punishment in the penal repression – as if the guillotine had already fallen into abeyance. According to the Penal Code of 1810, aggravated murders (premeditated murders, murders accompanied by another crime, murders of a public officer), parricides, poisonings, arsons of houses, as well as complicity in and attempt of such crimes, were all punishable by the guillotine. However, a large implementation of the principle of mitigating circumstances allowed to avoid the enforcement of death penalty. Moreover, two thirds of the people sentenced to death were pardoned, often with the support of the juries. The substitute penalty was a perpetual imprisonment, but this “perpetuity” became shorter and shorter after 1945.

Keywords

EN

death penalty; France; 20th century; mitigating circumstances; pardon; kara śmierci; Francja; XX wiek; okoliczności łagodzące; ułaskawienie

• Publisher: Wydawnictwa Uniwersytetu Warszawskiego
• Journal: Studia Iuridica
• Year: 2019
• Volume: 80
• Pages: 265-281

Dates

published

2019-09-21

Contributors

author

Picard, Nicolas

Identifiers

DOI

10.5604/01.3001.0013.4813