Emerytury na Kubie: w poszukiwaniu nierówności

• Authors: Poteraj Jarosław

Title variants

EN

Pensions in Cuba. In search of inequality

• Languages of publication: PL

Abstracts

PL

Artykuł o systemie emerytalnym Kuby prezentowany jest w układzie: 1) Rozwój historyczny systemu emerytalnego na Kubie, 2) Stan obecny systemu emerytalnego na Kubie, 3) Wyzwania i przewidywane zmiany. Celem badawczym autora jest odnalezienie w kubańskim systemie emerytalnym zróżnicowań, powodujących istnienie nierówności w dochodach osób zaawansowanych wiekowo. Zastosowaną metodą badawczą jest przede wszystkim metoda opisowa. Jednocześnie autor stawia hipotezę, że przyjęte w kraju realnego socjalizmu rozwiązania emerytalne nie zapewniają wystarczających zasobów osobom w wieku senioralnym. Nierówności dochodowe wśród kubańskich emerytów dotyczą przede wszystkim preferencyjnego i bardziej hojnego od standardowego rozwiązania emerytalnego dla funkcjonariuszy sił zbrojnych i członków wewnętrznego aparatu bezpieczeństwa państwa. Dodatkowym elementem, świadczącym o tworzeniu stanu nierówności wśród kubańskich emerytów, jest obecność w katalogu świadczeń przysługującym emerytom uznaniowo przyznawanego świadczenia, w postaci dodatku za wyjątkowe zasługi. W konkluzji można stwierdzić, że system emerytalny na Kubie nie zapewnia minimalnego poziomu dochodów dla emerytów do zaspokojenia podstawowych potrzeb życiowych. Co prawda opieka medyczna, będąca jedną z największych kategorii wydatków dla osób w podeszłym wieku, jest świadczona w tym kraju zasadniczo bezpłatnie, a mieszkania są oferowane z bardzo niskimi czynszami, ale nie zmienia to trudnej sytuacji dochodowej emerytów. Postawiona na wstępie hipoteza uzyskała potwierdzenie.

EN

The paper about the pension system of Cuba is presented in the following format: 1) Historical development of the pension system in Cuba, 2) Current status of the pension system in Cuba, 3) Challenges and anticipated changes. The author’s research goal is to find differences in the Cuban pension system, causing inequalities in the income of people at advanced age. The applied research method is primarily a descriptive method. At the same time, the author puts forward the hypothesis that the pension solutions adopted in the country of real socialism do not provide sufficient resources to people at senior age. Income inequalities among Cuban pensioners relate primarily to preferential, and more generous than the standard pension, scheme for officers of the armed forces and members of the internal security apparatus of the state. An additional element confirming the creation of a state of inequality among Cuban pensioners is the presence, in the catalogue of benefits for retirees, of discretionary benefits in the form of an allowance for exceptional merits. In conclusion, it can be stated that the pension system in Cuba does not ensure a minimum level of income for pensioners to meet basic life needs. It is true that medical care, which is one of the largest categories of expenditure for the elderly, is provided in this country in principle for free, and apartments are offered with very low rents, but it does not change the difficult income situation of pensioners. The hypothesis put forward at the beginning was confirmed.

Keywords

PL

emerytury; systemy emerytalne; Kuba

EN

pensions; pension systems; Cuba

• Publisher: Uniwersytet Rzeszowski. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Rzeszowskiego
• Journal: Nierówności społeczne a wzrost gospodarczy
• Year: 2019
• Volume: 59
• Pages: 186-200

Contributors

author

Poteraj Jarosław

• Zakład Badań Społecznych Wydział Nauk Społecznych i Humanistycznych Państwowa Wyższa Szkoła Informatyki i Przedsiębiorczości w Łomży

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Identifiers

DOI

10.15584/nsawg.2019.3.13