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PL EN


2015 | 2 | 3-10

Article title

Co wspólnego z badaniem diety zwierząt mają kody kreskowe DNA?

Authors

Selected contents from this journal

Title variants

EN
What studies of animal diets have in common with DNA barcodes?

Languages of publication

PL EN

Abstracts

PL
Kody kreskowe DNA (DNA barcoding) są krótkimi wystandaryzowanymi fragmentami DNA służącymi do dokładnej i szybkiej identyfikacji gatunków. Z powodzeniem są one wykorzystywane w identyfikacji znanych, jak i w oznaczaniu nieopisanych dotąd taksonów, w wykrywaniu handlu zagrożonymi gatunkami czy kłusownictwa. Idea ta została niedawno rozwinięta jako tzw. DNA metabarcoding i służy do identyfikacji całych zbiorów różnych gatunków z prób środowiskowych, takich jak woda, gleba czy odchody. W połączeniu z techniką sekwencjonowania wielkoskalowego możliwa jest rekonstrukcja np. dawnych zespołów organizmów z wiecznej zmarzliny oraz opisywanie obecnej bioróżnorodności w dowolnym środowisku bez konieczności wcześniejszego wyodrębniania osobników. Metabarcoding umożliwia także identyfikację składników pokarmu dowolnego gatunku zwierzęcia na podstawie DNA zawartego w jego odchodach. Metoda ta znacznie ułatwia analizę nawet bardzo złożonych diet, dając przy tym wysokiej jakości wyniki. Analiza jakościowego i ilościowego składu diety tą metodą dostarcza informacji niezbędnych np. do ochrony zagrożonych gatunków czy zarządzania gatunkami łownymi.
EN
DNA barcodes are short DNA fragments standardized for accurate and rapid species identification. They are successfully applied in taxonomic identification of new organisms as well as in detecting illegal trade of endangered species and poaching. DNA barcodes are used also in metabarcoding, i.e. identification of whole sets of different species from environmental samples such as water, soil or feces. Combination with the next-generation sequencing technology allows to reconstruct biodiversity in the past (permafrost samples) and describe its current state in any environment. Metabarcoding enables the identification of diet components of the species based on the DNA from its stools. This method is much faster and easier to analyze even the most complex diet, which provides data to the protection of endangered species or facilitates the management of game animals.

Year

Issue

2

Pages

3-10

Physical description

Dates

published
2015-06-30

Contributors

author
  • Uniwersytet w Białymstoku, Instytut Biologii

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Document Type

Publication order reference

Identifiers

YADDA identifier

bwmeta1.element.desklight-07bc0ddb-911a-473d-a229-f226a4e8bf36
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