Ways of performing judo throws, and their efficiency, assessed in the open weight category in All-Japan Judo Championships

• Authors: Marek Adam , Hiromi Tomita , Michał Szymański , Piotr Klimowicz , Sławomir Tyszkowski , Beata Wolska

Title variants

PL

Sposoby wykonywania rzutów judo i ocena ich skuteczności (jako kryterium oceny skuteczności technik stosowanych) podczas ogólnojapońskich mistrzostw judo w kategorii open

• Languages of publication: EN PL

Abstracts

EN

Background. Kano Jigoro, one of the founders of judo, developed an official classification of judo techniques which is currently being modernized by the Japanese Kodokan Judo Institute. There is no indication that earlier individual attempts in this area have been carried out in Japan. Judo masters including Kano, Koizumi, Kudo, Mifune, Tomiki and others have tried to introduce additional criteria to the classification. The need for so many modifications is a result of the many sport and referee rule changes, as well as to ensure the safety of competitors and to increase the attractiveness of judo contests. Purpose of the work. The purpose of this work was to determine the ways of performing the judo throws and their efficiency during All-Japan Judo Championships at open weight category. Material/methods. 278 open category judo players were recorded during the All-Japan Judo Championships (2003- 2012). The competitors successfully executed 252 attacks using 34 judo throws classified by the Kodokan Judo. Effective attacks divided by: uchi - reaping legs from inside, soto - hooking/ reaping opponents’ legs from outside, otoshi – throws performed by dropping body, gaeshi – throws performed as counterattacks, tsurikomi – throws performed by pull-lifting with hands, harai – throws performed by sweeping with legs or hips and makikomi – throws performed by winding the opponent’s body, were distinguished. The sequence of dominant techniques was presented by the “K” index, and the directions and ways of performing the throws were determined by the efficiency attack index. Results. The most effective Japanese competitors performed three throws by UCHI: uchimata, ouchi gari, kouchi gari, and three throws by SOTO: osoto gari, kosoto gake, kosoto gari. The following throwing techniques, during the Championships, were dominant: uchimata, ouchi gari and osoto gari which ended the contests by ippon (before contest time had elapsed); they were most often executed successfully, and the competitors gained most referee’s points. The observed competitors demonstrated even effectiveness in executing throws, forward – breaking balance onto tip-toes, and backward – breaking balance onto heels. Comparatively effectively, they performed throws into the four analyzed directions. Conclusions. The Japanese competitors performed the most effective attacks by using leg throws which call for the reaping actions of legs either from inside or outside UCHI and SOTO. Fewer techniques, executed perfectly resulted in gaining more referee’s points. Using these techniques put the competitors in a better position to carry out attacks and changing their direction.

PL

Dominacja zawodników japońskich podczas zawodów międzynarodowych, zmusiła nas do analizy skuteczności ich technik judo, które oni stosowali podczas mistrzostw Japonii. Ocena skuteczności technik judo, dokonywana w oparciu o klasyfikację Kodokan Judo, pozwalała wyodrębnić pewne cechy charakterystyczne dla zawodników japońskich oraz określić wysoką skuteczność rzutów nożnych – ashi waza. Przeprowadzony w pracy podział rzutów dokonany w oparciu o sposoby wykonywania ataku, pozwala na stwierdzenie że spośród sześćdziesięciu siedmiu rzutów, z pięciu grup klasyfikacyjnych, (wymienionych przez Kodokan Judo) tylko pięć technik nożnych: uchimata, ouchi gari, osoto gari, kouchi gari i kouchi gake zadecydowało o zdobyciu czterdziestu ośmiu procent wszystkich punktów sędziowskich przyznawanych za skutecznie wykonywane ataki. Podczas wykonywania tych technik zawodnicy stosowali podcięcia, podbicia lub zahaczania nóg przeciwników od strony wewnętrznej lub na zewnątrz. Jednocześnie wykonywane rzuty dawały możliwość przeprowadzania ataków we wszystkich analizowanych kierunkach.

Keywords

EN

judo techniques; classification; characteristics of attacks

PL

techniki judo; klasyfikacja; charakterystyka ataku

• Publisher: Stowarzyszenie Idōkan Polska
• Journal: Ido Movement for Culture. Journal of Martial Arts Anthropology
• Year: 2015
• Volume: 15
• Issue: 1
• Pages: 39-45

Contributors

author

Marek Adam

• University of Physical Education and Sport, Department of Combat Sports – Gdańsk (Poland)

author

Hiromi Tomita

• University of Puerto Rico, Department of Sport Science - Rio Piedras (Puerto Rico)

author

Michał Szymański

• Technical University, Department of Management and Economics – Gdańsk (Poland)

author

Piotr Klimowicz

• Technical University, Department of Sport Science – Białystok (Poland)

author

Sławomir Tyszkowski

• University of Physical Education and Sport, Department of Combat Sports – Gdańsk (Poland)

author

Beata Wolska

• University of Physical Education and Sport, Department of Combat Sports – Gdańsk (Poland)