Příklonky a vazaly infinitivu

• Authors: Starý Kořánová Ilona

Title variants

EN

Clitics and Infinitive Vassals

• Languages of publication: CS

Abstracts

EN

Word order of Czech enclitics is quite difficult to acquire for students of Czech as foreign language. While native speakers can “hear” the correct word order, the foreigner needs a set of rules to guide him. The usual rule for the word order of fixed enclitics seems to be breached quite often. The article focuses on one type of sentences in which the rule for the word order of fixed enclitics is violated, namely in sentences which except for a finite verb include an infinitive and consequently two series of enclitics. The finite verb and the infinitive each syntactically govern (are governor to) their respective enclitics which in turn are their subjects (recta). If the infinitive is part of the sentence predicate, the enclitics follow the usual rule of word order unless the infinitive becomes part of the sentence rhema (comments). In that case its subjects precede it. If the infinitive is not part of the sentence predicate (in other words it is subject, object or complement), precedes it then the infinitive subjects follow it. However, if the infinitive is not part of the sentence predicate, and is placed at the sentence end, then its subjects precede it. If the infinitive functions as an attribute to a noun, it follows the noun. If the nominal phrase N + infinitive starts a sentence then the reflexive particle se/si follows the infinitive in 98% of cases. If the enclitic personal pronouns occur in the reversed order, i.e. Acc.–Dat. order, or two dative enclitics follow one immediately after another then the enclitics subjects are as close as possible to their regens/ governor. The so-called contact dative, which does not have a governor, is not bound in this way.

Keywords

CS

infinitiv; klitika; nestálá příklonka; příklonka; příklonkové řady; reflexivní partikule; stálá příklonka; větněčlenské role infinitivu

EN

clitics; fixed enclitics; infinitive; reflexive particle; syntactic roles of infinitive; unfixed enclitics

Discipline

• PHILOLOGY_&_LINGUISTICS: PHILOLOGY & LINGUISTICS

• Publisher: Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Arts, Czech Republic
• Journal: Studie z aplikované lingvistiky - Studies in Applied Linguistics
• Year: 2017
• Volume: 8
• Issue: Zvláštní číslo 2017
• Pages: 109-120

Contributors

author

Starý Kořánová Ilona

• Ústav bohemistických studií Filozofické fakulty Univerzity Karlovy