Impact of Student Workers on the European Labor Markets

• Authors: Miroslav Beblavý , Brian Fabo

Title variants

PL

Wpływ studentów aktywnych zawodowo na europejskie rynki pracy

• Languages of publication: EN PL

Abstracts

EN

The stubbornly high levels of unemployment in Europe have led to a protracted period of heightened competition for jobs. One often discussed phenomenon is the so–called “crowding out” effect, where skilled workers take unskilled jobs and “squeeze out” the unskilled workers from the labor market. Literature on whether this is actually happening is mixed. This is why we try to contribute to the debate by an analysis of student labor, which is often perceived as being particularly likely to crowd out unskilled workers, particularly in areas such as hospitality or retail. We, however, find that depending on the age of the student and the profile of student workers, their profiles closely match those of non–students of medium to high educational attainment.

PL

Niezmiennie wysoki poziom bezrobocia w Europie doprowadził do przedłużającego się okresu zwiększonej konkurencji o pracę. Jednym z powszechnie omawia¬nych zjawisk jest tzw. efekt wypierania, w którym wykwalifikowani pracownicy, podejmując się prac niewymagających wyższych kwalifikacji, wypierają z rynku pracy pracowników niewykwalifikowanych. W literaturze przedmiotu zdania co do rzeczywistego, aktualnego występowania tego zjawiska są podzielone. Z tego też względu niniejsza praca ma być przyczynkiem do debaty na ów temat poprzez przedstawienie analizy pracy podejmowanej przez studentów, jaką często kojarzy się ze znacznym wzrostem możliwości wyparcia z rynku pracowników niewykwalifikowanych, zwłaszcza w hotelarstwie i handlu detalicznym. Niemniej jednak wyniki badania wskazują, że zależnie od wieku i profilu studentów aktywnych zawodowo i osób nieposiadających statusu studenta o wykształceniu na poziome średnim czy wyższym ich profile są w dużej mierze podobne.

Keywords

EN

student workers; crowding out effect; student employment

PL

studenci aktywni zawodowo; efekt wypierania; zatrudnienie studentów

• Publisher: Institute of Labor and Social Studies, Warsaw
• Journal: Zarządzanie Zasobami Ludzkimi
• Year: 2016
• Issue: 6(113) - "Managing Diversity in the Context of International HRM" [Zarządzanie różnorodnością w kontekście międzynarodowego ZZL]
• Pages: 27-41
• Document type: article

Dates

published

2016-12-15

Contributors

author

Miroslav Beblavý

• Centre for European Policy Studies (CEPS), Brussel, Belgium

author

Brian Fabo

• School of Public Policy, Central European University, Budapest, Hungary

References

• Autor D. H. and Dorn D. (2009), “Inequality and Specialization: The Growth of Low–Skill Service Jobs in the United States,” IZA, Discussion Paper No. 4290.
• Baffoe–Bonnie, John, and Lonnie Golden (2007), “Work–Study: Time Use Tradeoffs, Student Work Hours and Implications for Youth Employment Policy,” SSRN eLibrary, December, http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=1078688.
• Beblavý, Miroslav, Sophie Lehouelleur, and Ilaria Maselli (2013), “Useless Degrees or Useless Statistics? A Comparison of the Net Present Value of Higher Education by Field of Study in Five European Countries,” http://www.voced.edu.au/content/ngv58859 .
• Beblavý, M. and Fabo, B. (2015a), “Students in Work and Their Impact on the Labor Market,” CEPS Working Document No. 410/July 2015, https://www.ceps.eu/publications/students-work-and-their-impact-labour-market .
• Beblavý, M. Fabo, B., and Beblavý, M. (2015b), “Are Student Workers a Threat or a Solution?” CEPS Commentary, July 14, 2015.
• Beblavý, M., Fabo, B., Mýtna–Kureková, L., and Žilinčíková, Z. (2015), “Are Student Workers Crowding Out the Low–Skilled Youth?” STYLE WP 5.3., http://www.style-research.eu/wordpress/wp-content/uploads/ftp/D_5_3_Are_student_workers_crowding_out_the_low_skilled_youth_FINAL.pdf .
• Curtis, Susan, and Rosemary Lucas (2001), “A Coincidence of Needs? Employers and Full–Time Students,” Employee Relations, 23 (1): 38–54.
• Eichhorst, Werner, Tito Boeri, Michela Braga, An De Coen, Vincenzo Galasso, Maarten Gerard, Michael J. Kendzia, et al. (2013), “Combining the Entry of Young People in the Labor Market with the Retention of Older Workers,” IZA Research Reports, 53, Institute for the Study of Labor (IZA), http://ideas.repec.org/p/iza/izarrs/53.html.
• Gruber, Jonathan, and David A. Wise (2010), Social Security Programs and Retirement around the World: The Relationship to Youth Employment, University of Chicago Press.
• Häkkinen, Iida (2006) “Working while Enrolled in a University: Does It Pay?” Labor Economics, 13 (2): 167–89.
• Hall Ralph (2010), “The Work–Study Relationship: Experiences of Full University Students Undertaking Part–time Employment,” Journal of Education and Work, 23(5): 439-49.
• Manning A (2004), “We Can Work It Out: The Impact of Technological Change on the Demand for Low–Skill Workers,” Scottish Journal of Political Economy, 51(5), 581–608.
• Maxwell, Nan L. (2006), The Working Life: The Labor Market for Workers in Low–Skilled Jobs, WE Upjohn Institute.
• Mills, Melinda; Tsang, Flavia; Präg, Patrick; Kai, Ruggeri, Miani, and Celine and Stijn Hoorens (2014), “Reconciling Work, Private and Family Life in Europe,” http://ec.europa.eu/justice/gender-equality/files/documents/140502_gender_equality_workforce_ssr_en.pdf.
• Mincer, J. A. (1974), Schooling, Experience, and Earnings, NBER.
• Moreau, Marie–Pierre, and Carole Leathwood (2006), “Balancing Paid Work and Studies: Working (-Class) Students in Higher Education,” Studies in Higher Education, 31 (1): 23–42.
• Pollmann–Schult and Matthias (2005), “Crowding–out of Unskilled Workers in the Business Cycle: Evidence from West Germany,” European Sociological Review, 21 (5): 467–80.
• Quintini, Glenda, and Manfredi Thomas (2009), “Going Separate Ways? School–to–Work Transitions in the United States and Europe,” OECD Social, Employ¬ment and Migration Working Papers, No. 90, OECD Publishing, http://dx.doi.org/ 10.1787/221717700447.
• Quintini, Glenda, and Sébastien Martin (2014), “Same Same but Different: School–to–Work Transitions in Emerging and Advanced Economies,” OECD Social, Employment and Migration Working Papers, 154. http://www.oecd-ilibrary.org/social-issues-migration-health/same-but-different-school-to-work-transitions-in-emerging-and-advanced-economies_5jzbb2t1rcwc-en.

Notes

EN

The polish version of this article was published on free CD added to the paper version HRM(ZZL)_2016_6(113)

Identifiers

ISSN

1641-0874

EISSN

2543-4411