EN
Based on the declassified archive materials of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Belarus and the modern historiography of the problem the entry of the Belarusian SSR and the Polish People’s Republic into UNESCO, their participation in the division of labor between the socialist countries delegations (through the example of coordination meetings of representatives of national commissions and other forums), as well as the results and the general problems of membership in the Organization during the Khrushchev’s „thaw” period have been considered in the article. The publication complements the history of UNESCO on the eve of its 70th anniversary.