Full-text resources of CEJSH and other databases are now available in the new Library of Science.
Visit https://bibliotekanauki.pl

PL EN


2019 | 7 | 1 | 239-257

Article title

An Analysis of Students’ Knowledge in Spelling: A Case of a Technical University in Ghana

Content

Title variants

Languages of publication

Abstracts

EN
High proficiency level in spelling is considered to be an important literally skill writers need to be able to establish shared meaning with their readers. However, the Applied Linguistic literature reveals that spelling errors dominantly plaque the essays of students who speak English as Second Language (ESL). In lieu with this, this study sheds light on students’ knowledge in spelling in a Technical University in Ghana. The participants for the study involve 275 students who were randomly selected from three academic levels. The random sampling procedure was further used by the researchers to select 30 English words out of 50 words that have been compiled by the Communicative Skills Unit as the most consistent misspelled words in the written English essays of students of the Technical University over a period of four years. The respondents were further tested on how well they could spell those words. The findings confirm three main types of spelling errors: “insertion errors”, “substitution errors” and “transposition errors”. The findings further reveal that the students’ inability to correctly spell most of the words that were dictated to them is a result of their unfamiliarity with the words, their inability to account for the right pronunciation associated with those words that were dictated to them as well as the failure of students to edit their work after the spelling exercise. It is also confirmed that the academic levels of the students do not have a significant influence on their performance in the spelling.

Year

Volume

7

Issue

1

Pages

239-257

Physical description

Document type

Original Article

Dates

published
2019-06-30

Contributors

  • Ho Technical University, Department of Applied Modern Languages and Communication, Ghana
  • University of Health and Allied Sciences, Department of General and Liberal Studies, Ghana

References

  • Afful, J. B. A. (2007). Academic literacy and communicative skills in the Ghanaian university: A proposal. Nebula, 4(3), 141-159.
  • Al- Bakri, L. (1998). Error analysis of spelling mistakes committed by English majors at Yarmouk University. Unpublished masters thesis, Yarmouk University, Irbid.
  • Alhaisoni, E. M., Al-Zuoud K. M. & Gaudel, D.R. (2015). Analysis of Spelling Errors of Saudi Beginner Learners of English Enrolled in an Intensive English Language Program. English Language Teaching, 8(3), 185-192.
  • Al-Jabri, F. (2006). Common English spelling difficulties of Omani learners. Sultanate of Oman: Ministry of Education.
  • Al-Jarf, R. (2008). Sources of spelling errors in EFL Arab college students. Retrieved from faculty. ksu. edu. sa on 25 March, 2018.
  • Allaith, Z. A. A. (2010). Aanlysis of spelling performance in English among students whose first language is Arabic (Doctoral dissertation, Texas A & M University).
  • Al-Sobhi, B., M., Rashid, S., & Abdullah, A. N. (2018). Arab ESL secondary school students’ attitude toward English spelling and writing. SAGE Open, 8(1), 1-11.
  • Al-Zuoud, K. M., & Kabilan, M. K. (2013). Investigating Jordanian EFL Students' spelling errors at tertiary level. International Journal of Linguistics, 5(3), 164.
  • Amable, R. E. (1990). An examination of some grammatical and semantic problems in students’ English at UCC. Unpublished Ph.D. Thesis, University of Cape.
  • Amoakohene, B. (2017a). Error analysis of students' essays: A case of first year students of the University of Health and Allied Sciences. International Journal of Higher Education, 6(4), 54.
  • Antwi, S. (2006). An assessment of spelling errors amongst tertiary students in some selected schools in Cape Coast. An unpublished dissertation, Department of English, University of Cape Coast.
  • Asante, K. B. (2007, September 17). Time to stop and think about education. Daily Graphic, P.7.
  • Bahloul, M. (2007). Spelling errors of Arab learners: Evidence of intergraphic mapping. In C. Coombe & L.
  • Barlow (Eds). Language Teacher Research in The Middle East, (pp. 41-51). Mattoon, Ill: United Graphi.
  • Barrington, L., Wright, M., & Casner-Lotto, J. (2006). Are they really ready to work? Employers’ perspectives on the basic knowledge and applied skills of new entrants to the 21st century U.S. workforce. Retrieved from http://www.p21.org/storage/documents/FINAL_REPORT_PDF10-05-2018.pdf
  • Brown, H. D. (2000). Principles of language learning and teaching (4th ed.). White Plains, NY: Pearson Education.
  • Chomsky, N. (1959). A review of B.F. Skinner's verbal behaviour. Language, 35, 26-58.
  • Chomsky, N. (1965). Aspects of the Theory of Syntax. Massachusetts: M.I.T Press.
  • Cook, V. (1997). L2 users and English spelling. Journal of Multilingual and Multicultural Development, 18(6), 474-488.
  • Cook, V. J. (1999). Teaching spelling. Retrieved May 10th, 2015 fromwww.essex.ac.uk/~vcook.
  • Cook, V. J. (1997). L2 users and English spelling. Journal of Multilingual and Multicultural Development, 18(6), 474-488.
  • Corder, S. P. (1981). Error analysis and interlanguage. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
  • Corder, S. P. (1994). A role for the mother tongue. In S. M. Gass & L. Selinker (Eds.), Language transfer in language learning (pp.I8-31 ).
  • Corder, S.P. (1974). The elicitation of interlanguage. IRAL. Special issue on the occasion of B. Malmberg’s 60th birthday. (ed. G. Nickel). 51 – 63.
  • Cronnell, B. (1985). Language influences in the English writing of third-and sixth-grade Mexican-American students. The Journal of Educational Research, 78(3), 168-173.
  • Dörnyei, Z. (2007). Research methods in applied linguistics. New York: Oxford University Press.
  • Durgunoğlu, A. Y. (2002). Cross-linguistic transfer in literacy development and implications for language learners. Annals of Dyslexia, 52(1), 189-204.
  • Edu-Buandoh D. (1997). A Preliminary Report on the Study of Error Patterns in the Written Essays of Senior Secondary Students. English in Ghana. A Publication. The Ghana English Studies Association.
  • Ehri, L. C. (2000). Learning to read and learning to spell: Two sides of a coin. Topics in Language Disorders, 20(3), 19-36.
  • Elbro C., Scarborough H.S. (2004).Early identification. In: Nunes T., Bryant P. (eds) Handbook of Children’s Literacy. Springer, Dordrecht.
  • Ellis, A. W., & Young, A. W. (2013). Human cognitive neuropsychology: A textbook with readings. Psychology Press.
  • Fender, M. (2008). Spelling knowledge and reading development: Insights from Arab ESL Learners. Reading in a Foreign Language, 20(1), 19-42.
  • Figueredo, L. (2006). Using the known to chart the unknown: A review of first-language influence on the development of English-as-a-second-language spelling skill. Reading and Writing, 19,873-905
  • Garrett, P., Griffiths, Y., James, C., & Scholfield, P. (1995). The development of a scoring scheme for content in transactional writing: Some indicators of audience awareness. Language and Education, 9(3), 179-193.
  • Gentry, J. R. (2000). A retrospective on invented spelling and a look forward. The Reading Teacher, 54(3), 318-332.
  • Golshan, M. & Reigani, P. (2015). Analysis of spelling errors: Iranian female business learners of English. MJAL, 7(2), 175 -188.
  • Hildreth, G. (1962). Teaching spelling: A guide to basic principles and practices. New York: Holt, Rinehart and Winston, Inc.
  • Hodges, R. E. (1984). Spelling. ERIC Clearinghouse. http://homepage.ntlworld.com/vivian.c/ Writings/index.htm
  • Jackson, S.L. (2009). Research methods and statistics: A critical thinking approach (3rd ed.) Belmont, CA: Wadsworth.
  • Johnson, M. M. (2013). The relationship between spelling ability and reading fluency and comprehension in elementary students. Unpublished Master’s thesis, Marquette, MI: Northern Michigan University.
  • Katzir, T., Kim, Y., Wolf, M., Kennedy, B., Lovett, M., & Morris, R. (2006).The relationship of spelling recognition, RAN, and phonological awareness to reading skills in older poor readers and younger reading-matched controls. Reading and Writing, 19(8), 845-872.
  • Kelman, M. E., & Apel, K. (2004). Effects of a multiple linguistic and prescriptive approach to spelling instruction: A case study. Communication Disorders Quarterly, 25(2), 56-66.
  • Koda, K. (2005). Insights into second language reading: A cross-linguistic approach. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  • Kusuran, A. (2017). L2 English spelling error analysis: An investigation of English spelling errors made by Swedish senior high school students.
  • Lyon, R. G. (2002).Reading development, reading difficulties, and reading instruction: Educational and public health issues. Journal of School Psychology, 40, 3–6.
  • Marshall, M. N. (1996). Sampling for qualitative research. Family Practice, 13(6), 522-526.
  • Martin-Lacroux, C., & Lacroux, A. (2017). Do employers forgive applicants’ bad spelling in résumés? Business and Professional Communication Quarterly, 80(3), 321-335.
  • Mesmeh, T. (2012). The effect of the cover, copy and compare strategy on the ninth graders’ acquisition and retention of spelling and their attitudes towards the strategy. The Islamic University of Gaza. Retrieved from http://library.iugaza.edu. ps/thesis/101557.pdf
  • Moats, L. (2009). Knowledge foundations for teaching reading and spelling. Reading and Writing, 22(4), 379- 399.
  • Moats, L. C. (2006). How spelling supports reading and why it is more regular and predictable than you think. American Educator, 6, 12-43.
  • Nahari, A. A., & Alfadda, H. A. (2016). From memorising to visualising: The effect of using visualisation strategies to improve students’ spelling skills. English Language Teaching, 9(6), 1-18.
  • Naruemon, D., (2012). Causes of English spelling errors made by Thai foreign language learners. ARECLS, 10, 22-43.
  • Nyamasyo, E.A. (1994). An analysis of the spelling errors in the written English of Kenyan pre‐university students. Language, Culture and Curriculum, 7(1), 79-92.
  • Oisín T. (2007). Process tracing and elite interviewing: A case for non-probability sampling. Philadelphia: John Benjamins.
  • Othman, A.K. (2018). An investigation of the most common spelling errors in English writing committed by English-major male students at the University of Tabuk. Journal of Education and Practice, 9(1), 17-22. Owusu-Ansah, A. (2005, January, 30th) “English Student Writes”. Daily Graphic, p.17.
  • Pijper, N. C. (2003). The phonological awareness, written spelling and oral reading of learners in an inclusive English-medium education setting (Doctoral dissertation, University of Pretoria).
  • Punch, K. F. (2013). Introduction to social research: Quantitative and qualitative approaches. Sage.
  • Ramadan, S. (1986). A study of spelling errors made by third preparatory and third secondary classes in Jordan through context form. Unpublished Master’s thesis,Yarmouk University, Irbid.
  • Ritchey, K. D. (2008). The building blocks of writing: Learning to write letters and spell words. Reading and Writing, 21, 27-47.
  • Sackey, J. A. (1997). The English language in Ghana: A historical perspective. English in Ghana, 126-139.
  • Saunders, M., Lewis, P. & Thornbill A. (2003). Research methods for business students. Harlow: Pearson Education.
  • Saville-Troike, M. (2006). Introducing second language acquisition. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  • Smedley, D. (1983). Teaching the basic skills: Spelling, punctuation, and grammar in secondary English. New Fetter Lane London: Methuen and co. Ltd.
  • Staden, A. V. (2010). Improving the spelling ability of grade 3 learners through visual imaging teaching strategies. Per Linguam: A Journal for Language Learning, 26(1), 13-28.
  • Stevens, A. C. (2006). Effects of altering grammar and spelling on perceived author credibility.Retrievedfromhttp://www.clemson.edu/cujo/manuscript.php?manuscript_ID=142.
  • Subhi, S. N., & Yasin, M. S. (2015). Investigating study of an English spelling errors: A sample of Iraqi students in Malaysia. International Journal of Education and Research, 3(6), 235-246.
  • Twum (2011). Analysis of spelling errors in the written essays of Junior High Schools in English language. An unpublished dissertation, Department of English, University of Cape Coast.
  • Wolff, H. (1958). An Osage graphemic experiment. International Journal of American Linguistics, 24(1), 30-35.
  • Yankson, K.E. (1994). Better English through concord for West African students. Accra: Commercial Associates.

Notes

EN

Document Type

Publication order reference

Identifiers

YADDA identifier

bwmeta1.element.desklight-2fd77452-71bf-4594-9635-209aa753a269
JavaScript is turned off in your web browser. Turn it on to take full advantage of this site, then refresh the page.