Full-text resources of CEJSH and other databases are now available in the new Library of Science.
Visit https://bibliotekanauki.pl

PL EN


Journal

2020 | 17 | 64 | 56-71

Article title

Some Challenges for Research on Emotion and Moral Judgment: The Moral Foreign-Language Effect as a Case Study

Content

Title variants

Languages of publication

Abstracts

EN
In this article, we discuss a number of challenges with the empirical study of emotion and its relation to moral judgment. We examine a case study involving the moral foreign-language effect, according to which people show an increased utilitarian response tendency in moral dilemmas when using their non-native language. One important proposed explanation for this effect is that using one’s non-native language reduces emotional arousal, and that reduced emotion is responsible for this tendency. We offer reasons to think that there is insufficient evidence for accepting this explanation at present. We argue that there are three themes that constrain our current ability to draw firm empirical conclusions: 1) the frequent use of proxies or partial measures for emotions, 2) the lack of a predictive and generalizable theory of emotion and specific emotion-types, and 3) the obscurity of a baseline level of neutrality with respect to participant emotion. These lessons apply not only to research on the moral foreign-language effect, but to empirical research in moral psychology more generally.

Journal

Year

Volume

17

Issue

64

Pages

56-71

Physical description

Dates

published
2020-05

Contributors

  • University of Minnesota, Morris
  • Broward College

References

  • Bago B., De Neys W. (2019), “The Intuitive Greater Good: Testing the Corrective Dual Process Model of Moral Cognition,” Journal of Experimental Psychology: General 148 (10): 1782–1801.
  • Baron J., Gürçay B., Luce M.F. (2018), “Correlations of Trait and State Emotions with Utilitarian Moral Judgements,” Cognition and Emotion 32 (1): 116–129.
  • Batson C.D., Coke J.S., Chard F. et al (1979), “Generality of the ‘Glow of Goodwill’: Effectsof Mood on Helping and Information Acquisition,” Social Psychology Quarterly 42 (2): 176–179.
  • Białek M., De Neys W. (2016), “Conflict Detection During Moral Decision-Making: Evidence for Deontic Reasoners’ Utilitarian Sensitivity,” Journal of Cognitive Psychology 28 (5): 631–639.
  • Białek M., De Neys W. (2017), “Dual Processes and Moral Conflict: Evidence for Deontological Reasoners’ Intuitive Utilitarian Sensitivity,” Judgment and Decision Making 12 (2): 148–167.
  • Białek M., Paruzel-Czachura M., Gawronski B. (2019), “Foreign Language Effects on Moral Dilemma Judgments: An Analysis Using the CNI Model,” Journal of Experimental Social Psychology 85: 103855.
  • Blevins G.A., Murphy T. (1974), “Feeling Good and Helping: Further Phonebooth Findings,” Psychological Reports 34 (1): 326.
  • Bond M.H., Lai T.M. (1986), “Embarrassment and Code-Switching Into a Second Language,” Journal of Social Psychology 126 (2): 179–186.
  • Caldwell-Harris C.L., Ayçiçeği-Dinn A. (2009), “Emotion and Lying in a Non-Native Language,” International Journal of Psychophysiology 71 (3): 193–204.
  • Choe S.Y., Min K. (2011), “Who Makes Utilitarian Judgments? The Influences of Emotions on Utilitarian Judgments,” Judgment and Decision Making 6 (7): 580–592.
  • Cipolletti, H., McFarlane, S., Weissglass, C. (2016), “The Moral Foreign-Language Effect,” Philosophical Psychology 29 (1): 23–40.
  • Colbeck K.L., Bowers J.S. (2012), “Blinded by Taboo Words in L1 but not L2,” Emotion 12 (2): 217–222.
  • Corey J.D., Hayakawa S., Foucart A. et al. (2017), “Our Moral Choices are Foreign to Us,” Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 43 (7): 1109–1128.
  • Costa A., Foucart A., Hayakawa S. et al. (2014), “Your Morals Depend on Your Language,” PLoS One 9 (4): e94842.
  • De Langhe B., Puntoni S., Fernandes D. et al. (2011). “The Anchor Contraction Effect in International Marketing Research,” Journal of Marketing Research 48 (2): 366–380.
  • Dewaele J.M. (2010), Emotions in Multiple Languages, Palgrave Macmillan, Basingstoke, England.
  • Drake B. (2012), “To Avoid Stupid Mistakes,” Bloomberg Report, URL = https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2012-04-25/to-avoid-stupid-mistakes-think-in-french [Accessed 13.02.2020].
  • Gawinkowska M., Paradowski M.B., Bilewicz M. (2013), “Second Language as an Exemptor from Sociocultural Norms: Emotion-Related Language Choice Revisited,” PloS One 8 (12): e81225.
  • Gawronski B., Armstrong J., Conway P. et al. (2017), “Consequences, Norms, and Generalized Inaction in Moral Dilemmas: The CNI Model of Moral Decision-Making,” Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 113 (3): 343–376.
  • Gawronski B., Conway P., Armstrong J. et al. (2018), “Effects of Incidental Emotions on Moral Dilemma Judgments: An Analysis Using the CNI Model,” Emotion 18 (7): 989–1008.
  • Geipel J., Hadjichristidis C., Surian L. (2015), “The Foreign Language Effect on Moral Judgement: The Role of Emotions and Norms,” PLoS One 10 (7): e0131529.
  • Geipel J., Hadjichristidis C., Surian, L. (2016), “Foreign Language Affects the Contribution of Intentions and Outcomes to Moral Judgment,” Cognition 154: 34–39.
  • Greene J.D., Sommerville R.B., Nystrom L.E. et al. (2001), “An fMRI Investigation of Emotional Engagement in Moral Judgment,” Science 293 (5537): 2105–2108.
  • Greene J.D., Sommerville R.B., Nystrom L.E. et al. (2008), “The Secret Joke of Kant’s Soul” [in:] Moral Psychology Vol. 3: The Neuroscience of Morality: Emotion, Disease, and Development, W. Sinnott-Armstrong (ed.), The MIT Press, Cambridge (MA): 35–79.
  • Greene J.D., Sommerville R.B., Nystrom L.E. et al. (2013), Moral Tribes: Emotion, Reason, and the Gap Between Us and Them, Penguin Books, New York.
  • Greene R.L. (2012), “Oprima Dos for Better Cognition,” The Economist, URL = https://www.economist.com/johnson/2012/05/08/oprima-dos-for-better-cognition [Accessed 13.02.2020].
  • Gross J. (2012), “Reasoning is Sharper in a Foreign Language,” Scientific American, URL = https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/reasoning-is-sharper-in-a-foreign-language [Accessed 13.02.2020].
  • Haidt J. (2001), “The Emotional Dog and Its Rational Tail: A Social Intuitionist Approach to Moral Judgment,” Psychological Review 108 (4): 814–834.
  • Harris C. L., Ayçiçeği A., Gleason J.B. (2003), “Taboo Words and Reprimands Elicit Greater Autonomic Reactivity in a First than in a Second Language,” Applied Psycholinguistics 24 (04): 561–579.
  • Harris C.L., Ayçiçeği-Dinn A., Gleason J.B. (2006), “When is a First Language More Emotional? Psychophysiological Evidence from Bilingual Speakers”, [in:] Bilingual Minds: Emotional Experience, Expression, and Representation, A. Pavlenko (ed.), Multilingual Matters, Clevedon, England: 257– 283.
  • Hayakawa S., Tannebaum D., Costa A. et al. (2017), “Thinking More or Feeling Less? Explaining the Foreign-Language Effect on Moral Judgment,” Psychological Science 28 (10): 1387–1397.
  • Horne Z., Powell D. (2016), “How Large Is the Role of Emotion in Judgments of Moral Dilemmas?”, PLoS ONE 11 (7): e0154780.
  • Kahane G., Shackel N. (2008), “Do Abnormal Responses Show Utilitarian Bias?,” Nature 452: E5.
  • Kahane G., Shackel N. (2010), “Methodological Issues in the Neuroscience of Moral Judgement,” Mind & Language 25 (5): 561–582.
  • Kahane G., Wiech K., Shackel N. et al. (2011), “The Neural Basis of Intuitive and Counterintuitive Moral Judgment,” Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience 7 (4): 393–402.
  • Kahneman D. (2013), Thinking, Fast and Slow, Farrar, Straus and Giroux, New York.
  • Keysar B., Hayakawa S., An S. (2012), “The Foreign-Language Effect: Thinking in a Foreign Tongue Reduces Decision Biases,” Psychological Science 23 (6): 661–668.
  • Landy J.F., Goodwin G.P. (2015). “Does Incidental Disgust Amplify Moral Judgment? A Meta-Analytic Review of Experimental Evidence,” Perspectives on Psychological Science, 10 (4): 518–536.
  • Lerner J.S., Li Y., Valdesolo P. et al. (2015), “Emotion and Decision Making,” Annual Review of Psychology 66: 799–823.
  • Lieberman M. (2017), “Thinking in a Second Language Makes You More Logical,” Travel & Leisure, URL = https://www.travelandleisure.com/travel-tips/languages-affect-our-rationality-and-morality [Accessed 13.02.2020].
  • Muda R., Niszczota P., Białek M. et al. (2018), “Reading Dilemmas in a Foreign Language Reduces Both Deontological and Utilitarian Response Tendencies,” Journal of Experimental Psychology. Learning, Memory, and Cognition 44 (2): 321–326.
  • Pfister H., Böhm G. (2008), “The Multiplicity of Emotions: A Framework of Emotional Functions in Decision Making,” Judgment and Decision Making 3 (1): 5–17.
  • Reynolds C.J., Conway P. (2018), “Not Just Bad Actions: Affective Concern for Bad Outcomes Contributes to Moral Condemnation of Harm in Moral Dilemmas,” Emotion 18 (7): 1009–1023.
  • Schnall S., Haidt J., Clore G.L. et al. (2008), “Disgust as Embodied Moral Judgment,” Personality & Social Psychology Bulletin 34 (8): 1096–109.
  • Schnall S., Haidt J., Clore G.L. et al. (2015), “Landy and Goodwin (2015) Confirmed Most of Our Findings Then Drew the Wrong Conclusions,” Perspectives on Psychological Science 10 (4): 537–538.
  • Schwarz N., Bless H. (1991), “Happy and Mindless, but Sad and Smart? The Impact of Affective States on Analytic Reasoning,” [in:] Emotion and Social Judgments, J.P. Forgas (ed.), Pergamon Press, Elmsford, NY: 55–71.
  • Sevinc G., Spreng R.N. (2014), “Contextual and Perceptual Brain Processes Underlying Moral Cognition: A Quantitative Meta-Analysis of Moral Reasoning and Moral Emotions,” PLoS ONE 9 (2): e87427.
  • Valdesolo P., DeSteno D. (2006), “Manipulations of Emotional Context Shape Moral Judgement,” Psychological Science 17: 476–477.
  • Vives M., Aparici M., Costa A. (2018), “The Limits of the Foreign Language Effect on Decision-Making: The Case of Outcome Bias and the Representativeness Heuristic,” PLoS ONE 13 (9): e0203528.
  • Weyant J., Clark R.D. (1976), “Dimes and Helping: The Other Side of the Coin,” Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin 3 (1): 107 –110.

Document Type

Publication order reference

Identifiers

ISSN
ISSN 1733-5566

YADDA identifier

bwmeta1.element.desklight-351a1947-fb35-4c68-a24b-0d1b3b0d4c38
JavaScript is turned off in your web browser. Turn it on to take full advantage of this site, then refresh the page.