Full-text resources of CEJSH and other databases are now available in the new Library of Science.
Visit https://bibliotekanauki.pl

PL EN


2014 | 13 | 27-38

Article title

Wczesnośredniowieczna biżuteria zachodniosłowiańska

Content

Title variants

EN
Early Medieval West Slavonic Jewellery

Languages of publication

PL EN

Abstracts

EN
Ornaments worn in the Middle Ages by inhabitants of the West Slavonic territory were basically not utilitarian in their nature. They Brst of all served to satisfy aesthetic needs. Usually, they were made from non-ferrous metals, mostly from silver, but also from bronze, bronze plated with silver, or even from tin and lead. Sporadically, such ornaments were made from gold, sometimes with additions of decorative stones or organic raw materials. Finds from Ostrów Tumski and Ostrów Lednicki point out that within the main strongholds there were workshops manufacturing artefacts of artistic craftsmanship upon the order of the rulers. Ornaments which survived in archaeological materials allow for saying that their manufacturers made use of various methods, from very simple ones, consisting in cutting shapes from metal sheets, to those requiring special skills, such as Bligree and granulation techniques. Manufacturers developed some of these techniques on the basis of their own manufacturing traditions, while others were developed as a result of the adaptation of the skills of West European craftsmen in the 10GH and 11GH c. This was expressed in a wide use of high quality ornamental techniques, which were perhaps learned from the centers of European artistic craftsmanship of those days. The forms of ornaments and the way of their deposition in burials, demonstrate that particular stress was put on the decoration of the women’s heads and necks, with less attention to the hands. On the other hand, men only sporadically wore rings and necklaces or chains, which underlined their social status. A particular variety of forms can be seen in the ornaments of women’s temples. Such ornaments were attached to headgear—maidens’ headbands or veils in the case of married women. Some ornaments are typical for the entire West Slavonic territory and they are remarkable for their long time of use, with special reference to temple rings. Others were manufactured for a relatively short period of time and their use was limited to certain areas. Jewellery worn in the territory of Central-Eastern Europe fulfilled numerous aesthetic, social and symbolic functions. It completed the dress of that time; it not only decorated clothing but also requested its local nature. Furthermore, it underlined the pertinence to a given social group and one’s position in it. It also demonstrated one’s age and personal attitudes concerning the sphere of beliefs. As to its artistic level, this jewellery was only slightly inferior to the ornaments manufactured in the main cultural centres of Early Medieval Europe. This especially concerns jewellery made and worn in the 10GH and 11GH c.

Year

Volume

13

Pages

27-38

Physical description

Dates

published
2014

Contributors

  • Instytut Archeologii Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu

References

  • Banaszak D. 2000 Pozostałości domniemanej wczesnośredniowiecznej pracowni złotniczej ze stanowiska 12 w Rybitwach, SL, t. 6, s. 45–67.
  • Eisner J. 1955 Počátky českého šperku, PA, t. 46, s. 215–226.
  • Kiersnowski R. 1960 Pieniądz kruszcowy w Polsce średniowiecznej, Warszawa.
  • Klanica Z. 1974 Práce klenotniků na slovanských hradištích, Praha.
  • Kobielus S. 1998 Teofil Prezbiter, Diversarum Artium Schedula. Średniowieczny zbiór przepisów o sztukach rozmaitych, Tyniec–Kraków.
  • Kóćka-Krenz H. 1983 Złotnictwo skandynawskie IX–XI wieku, Poznań.
  • Kóćka-Krenz H. 1993 Biżuteria północno-zachodnio-słowiańska we wczesnym średniowieczu, Poznań.
  • Kóćka-Krenz H.1998 The Northwestern Slavonic Finger Rings of Orszymowice Type in the Early Middle Ages [w:] A. Wesse (red.), Studien zur Archäologie des Ostseeraumes, Neumünster, s. 555–560.
  • Kóćka-Krenz H. 2006 Pracownia złotnicza na poznańskim grodzie [w:] M. Dworaczyk, A. Kowalska, S. Moździoch, M. Rębkowski (red.), Świat Słowian wczesnego średniowiecza, Szczecin–Wrocław, s. 257–272.
  • Kóćka-Krenz H., Sachanbiński M., Skoczylas J., Girulski R. 2008 Wstępne dane o kamieniach szlachetnych z książęcej części grodu poznańskiego (X/XI wiek) w świetle badań gemmologicznych [w:] A. Přichystal, L. Krmíček, M. Halavínová (red.), Petroarchaeology in the Czech Republic and Poland at the Beginning of the 21st Century. Proceedings of the 4th International Petroarchaeological Symposium in Wrocław, October 2007, 11 to 13, Brno, s. 133–135.
  • Kupfer F., Lewicki T. 1956 Źródła hebrajskie do dziejów Słowian i niektórych innych ludów środkowej i wschodniej Europy. Wyjątki z pism religijnych i prawniczych XI–XIII w., Wrocław–Warszawa.
  • Leciejewicz L.1989 Słowianie Zachodni. Z dziejów tworzenia się średniowiecznej Europy, Wrocław–Warszawa–Kraków–Gdańsk–Łódź.
  • Łosiński W. 1988 Chronologia napływu najstarszej monety arabskiej na terytorium Europy, SlA, t. 31, s. 93–181.
  • Łosiński W. 1991 W sprawie rozwoju gospodarki towarowo-pieniężnej na ziemiach polskich we wczesnym średniowieczu w kontekście dziejów obrotu pieniężnego w strefie nadbałtyckiej, AP, t. 36, s. 235–264.
  • Musianowicz K. 1948/49 Kabłączki skroniowe — próba typologii i chronologii, ŚW, t. 20, s. 115–232.
  • Nniesiołowska A., Pierzyńska M., Żak J. 1960 Badania na posesji Ostrów Tumski 13 w latach 1950–1953 [w:] W. Hensel (red.), Poznań we wczesnym średniowieczu, t. 2, Wrocław–Warszawa, s. 67–219.
  • Samsonowiczowa A.1977 Ze studiów nad odzieżą ludności zamieszkującej ziemie polskie we wczesnym średniowieczu, PiM MAEŁ SA, t. 24, s. 5–40.
  • Turek R.1966 Zur Herkunft der böhmisch-mährischen Hacksilberfunde [w:] J. Filip (red.), Vznik a počátky Slovanů: Sborník pro studium slovanských starožitností, Praha, s. 223–245.
  • Wójcikowie E. i A. 1973 Cmentarzysko wczesnośredniowieczne w Lubieniu, pow. Piotrków Trybunalski, PiM MAEŁ SA, t. 20, s. 163–177.
  • Wrzesińscy A. i J. 1995 Dwa interesujące groby z wczesnośredniowiecznego cmentarzyska szkieletowego w Dziekanowicach, gm. Łubowo, woj. Poznańskie, stan. 22, WSA, t. 3, s. 207–218.

Document Type

Publication order reference

Identifiers

ISSN
0860-7893

YADDA identifier

bwmeta1.element.desklight-497c438f-e1b7-454f-9d02-a35f923d8756
JavaScript is turned off in your web browser. Turn it on to take full advantage of this site, then refresh the page.