EN
The article presents examples of predictions made by science fiction authors in the last century, concerning farther development of several fields of contemporary technology, and how they were supposed to affect our way of life. Prognoses in the fields of communication technology and biotechnology (i.e. the development of cyberspace and genetics) have been found largely accurate (or promissing, at least). However other popular prognoses of the day, based on the achievements of the space race, nuclear arms race and developing information technology (i.e. the creation of artificial intelligence, space colonies and global and thermonuclear war), still remain false prophecies. The article also discuss the nature of the connection between science fiction and scientific progress itself.