Full-text resources of CEJSH and other databases are now available in the new Library of Science.
Visit https://bibliotekanauki.pl

PL EN


2024 | 4(74) | 71 - 83

Article title

Access to data for academic purposes under the Digital Services Act

Title variants

Languages of publication

EN

Abstracts

EN
The growth of the digital economy has resulted in unprecedented increase of the amount of data generated by mankind. This vast volume and variety of data is a significant source of knowledge that allows researchers to open new research fields and to analyse existing problems more precisely. It is particularly important for scientists employing machine learning techniques in their studies. From a legal standpoint, however, the data typically belongs to the entity that collected it. In practice, there can be entities such as the owners of social networks (e.g. Instagram – Meta), online services (e.g. YouTube – Google), or Internet of Things devices like fitness bands. This data is protected by private law, thus, the rules on re-use of public data cannot be applied to it. Therefore, access depends on the will of the data holder. This fact has several adverse effects on the development of science and society. Attempts have been made at the European Union level to create legal instruments that facilitate access to privately owned data for academic purposes. One such instrument is the Digital Services Act. This article presents the analysis of the regulation in terms of balancing the interests of scientists and data holders, as well as the practical problems that may arise from its application.

Year

Issue

Pages

71 - 83

Physical description

Dates

published
2024

Contributors

  • Vrije Universiteit Brussel

References

  • BALÁZS Bálint, MOONEY Peter, NOVÁKOVÁ Eva, BASTIN Lucy, ARSANJANI Jamal (2021), Data Quality in Citizen Science, in: Katrin Vohland, Anne Land-Zandstra, Luigi Ceccaroni, Rob Lemmens, Josep Perelló, Marisa Ponti, Roeland Samson, Katherin Wagenknecht (eds), The science of citizen science, Berlin.
  • BRUNS Axel (2019), After the ‘APIcalypse’: Social media platforms and their fight against critical scholarly research, „Information, Communication & Society”, vol. 22, issue 11. DOI: 10.1080/1369118X.2019.1637447
  • DIRECTIVE (EU) 2019/790 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 17 April 2019 on copyright and related rights in the Digital Single Market and amending Directives 96/9/EC and 2001/29/EC (Text with EEA relevance), OJ L 130, 17.05.2019.
  • DIRECTIVE (EU) 2019/1024 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 20 June 2019 on open data and the re-use of public sector information (recast), OJ L 172, 26.06.2019.
  • EDELSON Laura, GRAEF Inge, LANCIERI Filippo (2023), Access to data and algorithms: For an effective DMA and DSA implementation, Centre on regulation in Europe (CERRE), https://cerre.eu/publications/access-to-data-and-algorithms-for-an-effective-dma-and-dsa-implementation/ (16.03.2023).
  • EUROPEAN COMMISSION (2020), Communication from the Commission to the European Parliament, the Council, the European Economic and Social Committee and the Committee of the Regions: A European strategy for data, COM (2020) 66 final, Brussels, 19.02.2020.
  • EUROPEAN COMMISSION (2022), Proposal for a Regulation of the European Parliament and of the Council on the European Health Data Space (Text with EEA relevance), COM(2022)197 final, 2022/0140(COD), Strasbourg, 03.05.2022.
  • EUROPEAN COMMISSION (2023), Digital Services Act: Commission designates first set of Very Large Online Platforms and Search Engines, Press release, Brussels, https://ec.europa.eu/commission/presscorner/detail/en/ip_23_2413 (25.04.2023).
  • EUROPEAN COMMISSION (2024a), Digital Services Act (DSA) overview, https://commission.europa.eu/strategy-and-policy/priorities-2019-2024/europe-fit-digital-age/digital-services-act_en (22.02.2024).
  • EUROPEAN COMMISSION (2024b), Supervision of the designated very large online platforms and search engines under DSA, https://digital-strategy.ec.europa.eu/en/policies/list-designated-vlops-and-vloses (11.10.2024).
  • EUROPEAN DATA PROTECTION SUPERVISOR (2021), Opinion 1/2021 on the Proposal for a Digital Services Act, https://www.edps.europa.eu/system/files/2021-02/21-02-10-opinion_on_digital_services_act_en.pdf (10.02.2021).
  • FAVARETTO Maddalena, DE CLERCQ Eva, CAPLAN Arthur, ELGER Bernice (2023), United in Big Data? Exploring scholars’ opinions on academic-industry partnership and the use of corporate data in digital behavioral research, „PLoS ONE”, no. 1. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0280542
  • GIEDRIMAITE Ieva (2019), The end of code – long live data, “The IPKat”, https://ipkitten.blogspot.com/2019/04/the-end-of-code-long-live-data.html (30.04.2019).
  • GRESER Jarosław (2020), Etyczne problemy wdrażania medycznego Internetu Rzeczy, „Prawo Mediów Elektronicznych”, no. 3.
  • HAZELKORN Ellen, GIBSON Andrew (2019), Public goods and public policy: what is public good, and who and what decides?, „Higher Education”, vol. 78. DOI: 10.1007/s10734-018-0341-3
  • HUSOVEC Martin (2023), How to Facilitate Data Access under the Digital Services Act, https://ssrn.com/abstract=4452940 (19.05.2023).
  • INTERNATIONAL RISK GOVERNANCE COUNCIL (2018), Guidelines for the governance of systemic risks, Lausanne.
  • KAUFMAN George G., SCOTT Kenneth E. (2003), What is systemic risk, and do bank regulators retard or contribute to it?, „The Independent Review”, vol.7, no. 3.
  • KORDELA Marzena (2012), Zasady prawa. Studium teoretycznoprawne, Poznań.
  • LUND Brady, WANG Ting (2023), Chatting about ChatGPT: how may AI and GPT impact academia and libraries?, „Library Hi Tech News Volume”, vol. 40, issue 3. DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.4333415
  • OSMAN Maddy (2024), Wild and Interesting Facebook Statistics and Facts, https://kinsta.com/blog/facebook-statistics/ (19.07.2024).
  • OLBRYK Aleksandra (2022), Ochrona konsumentów wobec systemów rekomendacji, „internetowy Kwartalnik Antymonopolowy i Regulacyjny”, no. 5(11). DOI: 10.7172/2299-5749.IKAR.5.11.5
  • PARK Kyung Sin (2021), Data as Public Goods or Private Properties?: A Way Out of Conflict Between Data Protection and Free Speech, „UC Irvine Journal of International, Transnational, and Comparative Law”, vol. 6, issue 1.
  • PRETTNER Klaus, WERNER Katharina (2016), Why it pays off to pay us well: The impact of basic research on economic growth and welfare, „Research Policy”, vol. 45, issue 5. DOI: 10.1016/j.respol.2016.03.001
  • REHMAN Ikhlaq (2019), Facebook-Cambridge Analytica data harvesting: What you need to know, „Library Philosophy and Practice”, vol. 2497, https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/2497 (14.05.2019).
  • REGULATION (EU) 2022/868 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 30 May 2022 on European data governance and amending Regulation (EU) 2018/1724 (Data Governance Act), OJ L 152, 03.06.2022.
  • REGULATION (EU) 2022/2065 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 19 October 2022 on a Single Market For Digital Services and amending Directive 2000/31/EC (Digital Services Act), OJ L 277/1, 27.10.2022.
  • REGULATION (EU) 2023/2854 of the European Parliament and of the Council on harmonised rules on fair access to and use of data and amending Regulation (EU) 2017/2394 and Directive (EU) 2020/1828 (Data Act), OJ L 2023/2854, 22.12.2023.
  • RENN Ortwin, LAUBICHLER Manfred, LUCAS Klaus, KRÖGER Wolfgang, SCHANZE Jochen, SCHOLZ Roland W., SCHWEIZER Pia-Johanna (2022), Systemic Risks from Different Perspectives, „Risk Analysis”, vol. 42, issue 9. DOI: 10.1111/risa.13657
  • SAVIN Andrej (2021), The EU Digital Services Act: Towards a More Responsible Internet, “Journal of Internet Law”, vol. 24, no.7.
  • TAR Julia (2023), Amazon joins Zalando in challenging very large online platform designation, https://www.euractiv.com/section/platforms/news/amazon-joins-zalando-in-challenging-very-large-online-platform-designation/ (11.07.2023).
  • UNITED NATIONS (1966), International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights, adopted 16 December 1966 by General Assembly resolution 2200A (XXI), https://www.ohchr.org/en/instruments-mechanisms/instruments/international-covenant-economic-social-and-cultural-rights (25.01.2024).
  • WIENER Janet, BRONSON Nathan (2014), Facebook’s Top Open Data Problems, https://research.facebook.com/blog/2014/10/facebook-s-top-open-data-problems/ (21.10.2014).
  • VAN NOORDEN Richard (2013), Open access: The true cost of science publishing, „Nature”, no. 495. DOI: 10.1038/495426a
  • VERMEULEN Mathias (2022), Researcher Access to Platform Data: European Developments, „Journal of Online Trust and Safety”, vol. 1, no. 4. DOI: 10.54501/jots.v1i4.84
  • ZIELIŃSKI Maciej (2017), Wykładnia prawa. Zasady – reguły – wskazówki, Warszawa.

Document Type

Publication order reference

Identifiers

YADDA identifier

bwmeta1.element.desklight-563fc081-ac6c-4bf0-ab35-c3fd1592e6a4
JavaScript is turned off in your web browser. Turn it on to take full advantage of this site, then refresh the page.