Politycy Partii Pracy na rzecz Leave w referendum 2016 r.

• Authors: Ilkowski Filip

Title variants

EN

The Labour Party politicians for Leave in 2016 referendum

• Languages of publication: PL

Abstracts

PL

Artykuł dotyczy działań polityków Partii Pracy podejmowanych na rzecz głosowania za wystąpieniem Zjednoczonego Królestwa Wielkiej Brytanii i Irlandii Północnej z Unii Europejskiej w kontekście referendum w tej sprawie, które odbyło się w czerwcu 2016 r. W tekście przedstawiono historyczne zakorzenienie krytyki Wspólnot Europejskich z tych pozycji ideowo-politycznych (w postaci sprzeciwu wobec Europejskiej Wspólnoty Gospodarczej w referendum 1975 r.), przede wszystkim jednak argumentację przeciwników pozostania w Unii ponad cztery dekady później. Na podstawie przeprowadzonej analizy skonstruowane zostały wyznaczniki zasadniczych biegunów ideowych kształtujących lewicową krytykę Unii na przykładzie brytyjskim.

EN

The article presents the analysis of activities of politicians associated with the Labour Party undertaken in favour of leaving the European Union by the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland in the context of the June 2016 referendum campaign. There are presented the historical roots of the critique of European Communities drawn from this ideological-political perspective (the opposition towards the European Economic Community in 1975 referendum), but above all the argumentation used more than four decades later by the opponents of staying in the EU. On the basis of conducted analysis, the specific elements of the main ideological poles that shape left-wing critique of the EU with regard to the British example have been distinguished.

Keywords

PL

referendum; Unia Europejska; Zjednoczone Królestwo; Wielka Brytania; Partia Pracy

EN

referendum; European Union; United Kingdom; Labour Party

• Publisher: Wydział Nauk Politycznych i Studiów Międzynarodowych, Uniwersytet Warszawski
• Journal: Przegląd Europejski
• Year: 2020
• Issue: 1(55)
• Pages: 113-130

Dates

published

2020

Contributors

author

Ilkowski Filip

• University of Warsaw

References

• ANDERSON Paul (2016), Brexit Takes Jeremy Corbyn’s Labour Party to the Brink, „The New York Times”, https://www.nytimes.com/2016/06/30/opinion/brexit-takes-jeremy-corbyns-labour-partyto-the-brink.html (28.06.2016).
• BALANCED MIGRATION (2018), http://www.balancedmigration.com/ (03.06.2018).
• BBC (2016), EU referendum: Leave and Remain clash in BBC Great Debate, http://www.bbc.com/news/uk-politics-eu-referendum-36582567 (22.06.2016).
• BBC NEWS (2005), Labour MP wants immigration end, http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/politics/4223761.stm (01.02.2005).
• BBC NEWS (2016a), EU-exit campaign group ‘Grassroots Out’ is launched, http://www.bbc.com/news/uk-35390539 (23.01.2016).
• BBC NEWS (2016b), EU referendum: Lord Lawson to chair Vote Leave campaign, http://www.bbc.com/news/uk-politics-eu-referendum-35487586# (04.02.2016).
• BBC NEWS (2016c), EU referendum: Cameron sets June date for UK vote, http://www.bbc.com/news/uk-politics-35621079 (20.02.2016).
• BBC NEWS (2016d), The battle to be the official EU referendum Leave campaign, http://www.bbc.com/news/uk-politics-34484687 (14.03.2016).
• BBC NEWS (2016e), EU referendum: Tom Harris to head Scottish Vote Leave campaign, 18. 03. 2016, http://www.bbc.com/news/uk-scotland-scotland-politics-35841224 (18.03.2016).
• BBC NEWS (2016f), Entrepreneur John Mills quits Vote Leave for Labour Brexit group, http://www.bbc.com/news/uk-politics-eu-referendum-36163619 (28.04.2016).
• BBC NEWS (2016g), EU referendum: Labour MP John Mann to vote for Brexit, http://www.bbc.com/news/uk-politics-eu-referendum-36496203 (10.06.2016).
• BBC NEWS (2017), Labour suspends Luton North MP Kelvin Hopkins, http://www.bbc.com/news/uk--politics-41853430 (03.11.2017).
• BENNETT Owen (2016), The Brexit Club. Inside Story of the Leave Campaign’s Shock Victory, London.
• BOOTH Robert (2016), Nigel Farage and Bob Geldof’s rival EU referendum flotillas clash on the Thames, „The Guardian”, https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2016/jun/15/nigel-farage-bobgeldof-rival-eu-referendum-thames-flotillas (15.06.2016).
• BUTLER David, KITZINGER Uwe (1976), The 1975 Referendum, London and Basingstoke, https://thereferist.files.wordpress.com/2016/05/the-1975-referendum.pdf (15.09.2018).
• BRITISH SOCIAL ATTITUDES (2017), The Vote to leave the EU, 34, http://www.bsa.natcen.ac.uk/media/39149/bsa34_brexit_final.pdf (15.09.2018).
• CALLINICOS Alex (2015), The internationalist case against the European Union, “International Socialism”, issue 148, http://isj.org.uk/the-internationalist-case-against-the-european-union/ (12. 06. 2018).
• CHILTON Brendan (2015), Labour Leave has no confidence in David Cameron’s EU renegotiation, „Labour List”, https://labourlist.org/2015/10/labour-leave-has-no-confidence-in-david-camerons-eurenegotiation/ (10.10.2015).
• COUNTRYSIDE ALLIANCE (2015), Kate Hoey MP to step down as Alliance Chairman, http://www.countryside-alliance.org/kate-hoey-mp-to-step-down-as-alliance-chairman/ (24. 03. 2015).
• CRYER John (2016), EU, in or out: John Cryer MP, „Wanstead Village Directory”, http://wansteadvillagedirectory.com/Features/eu-in-or-out-john-cryer-mp.html (04.06.2016).
• DAVIDSON Ian (2016), Ian Davidson: Vote Leave to help UK escape neo-liberal EU elite, „The Scotsman”, https://www.scotsman.com/news/opinion/ian-davidson-vote-leave-to-help-uk-escape-neoliberal-eu-elite-1-4143887 (01.06.2016).
• DIFFLEY Mark (2017), The Elections in Scotland, w: Dominic Wring, Roger Mortimore, Simon Atkinson (red.), Political Communication in Britain. Polls, Campaigning and Media in 2015 General Elections, Basingstoke.
• EATON George (2015), Kate Hoey: Labour has become an “extremely unpatriotic” party, „New Statesman”, https://www.newstatesman.com/politics/2015/06/kate-hoey-labour-has-becomeextremely-unpatriotic-party (17.06.2015).
• EATON George (2017), How the Labour left triumphed: the inside story, „New Statesman”, https://www.newstatesman.com/politics/uk/2017/09/how-labour-left-triumphed-inside-story (23.09.2017).
• EDWARDS Peter (2016), Watson named shadow Culture Secretary as Corbyn completes reshuffle, „Labour List”, https://labourlist.org/2016/10/tom-watson-appointed-shadow-culture-secretary/ (7.10.2016).
• EUROPEAN PARLAMENT (2014), Results of the 2014 European elections, http://www.europarl.europa.eu/elections2014-results/en/country-results-uk-2014.html (08.06.2018).
• FIELD Frank (2016), Brexit would help us control immigration. Like me, many Labour voters want out, „The Guardian”, https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2016/jun/14/eu-immigrationcontrol-labour-supporters-voters-party (14.06.2016).
• FIELD Frank, CAMPBELL Ronny, DAVIDSON Ian, GODSIFF Roger, HOEY Kate, MANN John, STRINER
• Graham (2014), Labour MPs urge leadership to curb free movement within EU, „The Guardian”, https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2014/jun/01/labour-mps-urge-curb-eu-free-movement-openletter-ed-miliband (01.01.2014).
• GARDHAM Magnus (2016), Scots Brexit campaign hit by damaging Labour snub, „The Sunday Herald”, http://www.heraldscotland.com/politics/14401355.Brexit_push_in_Scotland_hit_by_in_fighting_between_campaign_groups/ (04.04.2016).
• HARDMAN Isabel (2016), Split in Labour Leave over whether it has left Vote Leave, „The Spectator”, https://blogs.spectator.co.uk/2016/02/split-in-labour-leave-over-whether-it-has-left-voteleave/(5.02.2016).
• HARRIS Tom (2016), Former MP Tom Harris: Why we must leave the EU and take control of our borders, „Daily Record”, https://www.dailyrecord.co.uk/news/politics/former-mp-tom-harris-must-7582298 (18.03.2016).
• HETHERINGTON Graeme (2016), Veteran Blyth Labour MP stands alone in face of party opposition to Brexit, „The Northern Echo”, http://www.thenorthernecho.co.uk/news/14562543.Veteran_Blyth_Labour_MP_stands_alone_in_face_of_party_opposition_to_Brexit/ (16.06.2016).
• HOEY Kate (2015), Labour MP Kate Hoey: Why leaving the EU is a left-wing move, „The Independent”, http://www.independent.co.uk/voices/labour-mp-kate-hoey-why-leaving-the-eu-is-a-leftwing-move-a6687936.html (9.10.2015).
• HUITSON Oliver (2016), I’ll be voting Leave: a “reformed EU” isn’t on the ballot paper, „OpenDemocracyUK”, https://www.opendemocracy.net/uk/oliver-huitson/eu-piece (16.06. 2016).
• HUITSON Oliver, RYAN Jordan (2016), Lexit: The Movie: The left wing case for Brexit, Labour Leave, https://vimeo.com/171384103 (10.06.2018).
• HUGHES Laura (2016), Kate Hoey quits Brexit group after leadership row, „The Telegraph”, https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/newstopics/eureferendum/12141710/Kate-Hoey-quits-Brexitgroup-after-leadership-row.html (5.02.2016).
• HUTTON Will, STUART Gisela (2016), Would Britain be better off in Europe or going it alone?, „The Guardian”, https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2016/jun/05/britain-better-off-in-or-out-of-europe (5.06.2016).
• JAMES Luke (2015), Labour for Britain to tackle EU exit, „Morning Star”, https://morningstaronline.co.uk/a-8b3d-labour-for-britain-to-tackle-eu-exit-1 (16.06.2015).
• JAMES Luke (2016), Labour MPs warn of split as Vote Leave turns right, „Morning Star”, https://morningstaronline.co.uk/a-4f09-labour-mps-warn-of-split-as-vote-leave-turns-right-1 (04.02.2016).
• JAMES Luke (2016b), Beast of Bolsover: I’m voting out, „Morning Star”, https://morningstaronline.co.uk/a-e4af-beast-of-bolsover-im-voting-out-1 (9.06.2016).
• KARIM Fariha (2015), Labour: what does it stand for now?, „Channel4News”, https://www.channel4.com/news/factcheck/labour-stand (17.09.2015).
• LABOUR LIST (2015a), Kate Hoey sets up Eurosceptic ‘Labour for Britain’ group, https://labourlist.org/2015/06/kate-hoey-sets-up-eurosceptic-labour-for-britain-group/ (18.06.2015).
• LABOUR LIST (2016), Labour campaign to leave “anti-socialist” EU launches, https://labourlist.org/2016/01/labour-campaign-to-leave-anti-socialist-eu-launches/ (20.01.2016).
• LORD ASHCROFT Polls (2016), How the United Kingdom voted on Thursday… and why?, http://lordashcroftpolls.com/2016/06/how-the-united-kingdom-voted-and-why/ (24.06.2016).
• MACLELLAN Kylie (2015), Labour’s Corbyn, who voted ‘No’ in 1975, raises Brexit fears, „Reuters”, https://uk.reuters.com/article/uk-britain-politics-labour-corbyn/labours-corbyn-who-votedno-in-1975-raises-brexit-fears-idUKKCN0RB1IK20150911 (11.09.2015).
• MANN John (2013), How should Labour tackle UKIP?, „Labour List”, https://labourlist.org/2013/05/how-should-labour-tackle-ukip/ (6.05.2013).
• MORRIS Nigel (2005), Anger at Labour MP’s call for ban on foreign workers, „The Independent”, https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/politics/anger-at-labour-mps-call-for-ban-onforeign-workers-489084.html (01.02.2005).
• MOSELEY Tom (2016), In quotes: Jeremy Corbyn and the EU referendum, „BBC News”, http://www.bbc.com/news/uk-politics-eu-referendum-35743994 (14.04.2016).
• NEW STATESMAN (2015), Who nominated who for the 2015 Labour leadership election?, https://www.newstatesman.com/politics/2015/06/who-nominated-who-2015-labour-leadership-election (15.06.2015).
• PARRIS-LONG Adam (2016), Kelvin Hopkins ‘very surprised’ to get shadow cabinet callup, „Luton Today”, https://www.lutontoday.co.uk/news/politics/kelvin-hopkins-very-surprised-to-get-shadowcabinet-callup-1-7454237 (29.06.2016).
• POLITICS.CO.UK (2018), Gisela Stuart, http://www.politics.co.uk/reference/gisela-gscaider-stuart (15.06.2018).
• REUTERS (2015), Businesses, MPs launch ‘Vote Leave’ campaign to push for Brexit, https://uk.reuters.com/article/uk-britain-eu-poll/businesses-mps-launch-vote-leave-campaign-to-push-forbrexit-idUKKCN0S22V820151008 (08.10.2015).
• ROSS Tim (2016), EU referendum: Leave campaign in civil war’, „The Telegraph”, https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/newstopics/eureferendum/12144523/EU-referendum-Leave-campaign--in-civil-war.html (06.02.2016).
• RYAN Jordan (2018), profil na portalu Linkedin: https://uk.linkedin.com/in/jordanjryan (20.06.2018).
• SANER Emine (2016), Kate Hoey: ‘Most of my friends don’t like politicians. Except me’, „The Guardian”, https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2016/jan/02/kate-hoey-interview-labour-europe--ukip-feminism (2.01.2016).
• SCHOFIELD Kevin (2017), Jeremy Corbyn defends decision to promote Kelvin Hopkins to Shadow Cabinet, „Politics Home”, https://www.politicshome.com/news/uk/political-parties/labour-party/jeremy-corbyn/news/90382/jeremy-corbyn-defends-decision (05.11.2017).
• SILVERA Ian (2016), EU referendum: Labour Leave urges Jeremy Corbyn to give MPs free vote over Brexit, „International Business Times”, http://www.ibtimes.co.uk/eu-referendum-labour-leaveurges-jeremy-corbyn-give-mps-free-vote-over-brexit-1539083 (20.01.2016).
• SKY NEWS (2016), Halt In EU Migration Would ‘Damage’ UK Economy, https://news.sky.com/story/halt-in-eu-migration-would-damage-uk-economy-10259584 (26.04.2016).
• STUART Gisela (2003), The Making of Europe’s Constitution, “Fabian Society”, https://www.fabians.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/2012/04/TheMakingOfEuropesConstitution.pdf (10.06.2018).
• SWANSON Ian (2016), Nigel Griffiths in EU exit stunt ahead of Gordon Brown speech, „Evening Edinburgh News”, https://www.edinburghnews.scotsman.com/news/nigel-griffiths-in-eu-exitstunt-ahead-of-gordon-brown-speech-1-3995257#ixzz40tmdEGBt (8.01.2016).
• THE ELECTORAL COMMISSION UK (2015), 2015 UK General Elections Results, https://www.electoralcommission.org.uk/find-information-by-subject/elections-and-referendums/past-elections--and-referendums/uk-general-elections/2015-uk-general-election-results (10.06.2018).
• THE ELECTORAL COMMISSION UK (2016), Application Appendix B6 – Prominent individuals, Vote Leave, https://www.electoralcommission.org.uk/__data/assets/pdf_file/0012/199947/Vote-Leave-Ltd-designation-application-Appendix-B6.pdf (10.06.2018).
• THE GLOBAL WARMING POLICY FOUNDATION (2018), Who We Are, https://www.thegwpf.org/who-we-are/ (31.05.2018).
• THE GUARDIAN (2007), Profile: Nigel Griffith, https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2007/mar/12/labour.military (12.03.2007).
• THE GUARDIAN (2016a), Letters: Trade union members should vote to stay in the EU, https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2016/jun/05/trade-union-members-should-vote-to-stay-in-the-eu (05.06.2016).
• THE GUARDIAN (2016b), Letters: The Labour case for a leave vote in the EU referendum, https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2016/jun/21/the-labour-case-for-a-leave-vote-in-the-eureferendum (21.06.2016).
• THE LABOUR PARTY (1974a), Labour Electoral Manifesto, February 1974, ‘Ley us work together – Labour’s way out of crisis’, http://www.politicsresources.net/area/uk/man/lab74feb.htm (20.05.2018).
• THE LABOUR PARTY (1974b), Labour Electoral Manifesto, October 1974, ‘Britain will win with Labour’, http://www.politicsresources.net/area/uk/man/lab74oct.htm (dostęp: 20.05.2018).
• THEY WORK For You (2018), Kate Hoey’s voting in Parliament, https://www.theyworkforyou.com/mp/10282/kate_hoey/vauxhall (20.05.2018).
• THEY WORK For You (2018a), Graham Stringer MP, https://www.theyworkforyou.com/mp/10576/raham_stringer/blackley_and_broughton/divisions?policy=837 (20.05.2018).
• THEY WORK For You (2018b), Roger Godsiff MP, https://www.theyworkforyou.com/mp/10231/roger_godsiff/birmingham%2C_hall_green/votes#home (20.05.2018).
• THEY WORK For You (2018c), John Mann MP, https://www.theyworkforyou.com/mp/11093/john_mann/bassetlaw/divisions?policy=1049 (20.05.2018).
• THEY WORK For You (2018d), Frank Field MP, https://www.theyworkforyou.com/mp/10197/frank_field/birkenhead/votes” \l “foreignpolicy” (20.05.2018).
• THEY WORK For You (2018e), Gisela Stuart MP, https://www.theyworkforyou.com/mp/10577/gisela_stuart/birmingham%2C_edgbaston (20.05.2018).
• UK PARLIAMENT Website (2016), http://www.parliament.uk/mps-lords-and-offices/mps/current--state-of-the-parties/ (8.06.2018).
• UK PARLIAMENT Website (2018), Graham Stringer MP, https://www.parliament.uk/biographies/commons/graham-stringer/449 (8.06.2018).
• UK POLITICAL Info (2014), European Parliament elections 2014 results, http://www.ukpolitical.info/european-parliament-election-2014-results.htm (8.06.2018).
• VOTE LEAVE (2016), About the Campaign, http://www.voteleavetakecontrol.org/campaign.html(31.05.2018).
• WILSON Phil (2016), Corbyn sabotaged Labour’s remain campaign. He must resign, „The Guardian”, https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2016/jun/26/corbyn-must-resign-inadequate-leader-betrayal (26.06.2016).
• WINTOUR Patrick (2015), Jeremy Corbyn: Labour will campaign for UK to stay in the EU, „The Guardian”, https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2015/sep/17/jeremy-corbyn-labour-campaign--for-uk-stay-in-eu (17.09.2015).
• WRIGHT Oliver (2016), EU referendum: Leave.EU group accused of avoiding strict rules on campaign spending, „The Independent”, https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/politics/eu-referendum-leaveeu-group-accused-of-avoiding-strict-rules-on-campaign-spending-a6984941.html (14.04.2016).
• YOUGOV UK (2016), How Britain Voted?, https://yougov.co.uk/news/2016/06/27/how-britain-voted/(27.06.2016).