Full-text resources of CEJSH and other databases are now available in the new Library of Science.
Visit https://bibliotekanauki.pl

PL EN


Journal

2015 | 2(8) | 89-108

Article title

Generał bez właściwości. Rola etyki i technologii wojennych w kształtowaniu tożsamości postaci gracza w RTS-ach.

Selected contents from this journal

Title variants

EN
A General Without Qualities. The Role of Ethics And Military Technology in Shaping the Identity of a Player’s Character In Real-Time Strategy Games.

Languages of publication

PL

Abstracts

PL
EN
A player character in a real time strategy game is, as a rule, either well defined or practically anonymous. The latter seems to offer the player an opportunity to define it during the campaign. However, the ethical nature of the strategic goals and mission objectives, as well as the arsenal used on the battlefield, depend almost exclusively on the side of the conflict the character fights for. The article details how a player's freedom of choice is limited through this dependency, using twenty one titles of four different game sagas – Command & Conquer, Command & Conquer: Red Alert, Dune and Warcraft – as examples. Three different layers of those games are discussed separately – the game world, player objectives and weaponry involved – focusing on their ethical implications for the player’s character identity. As a result, seven separate kinds of characteristics are defined, by which the player’s character can be described: four dealing with the player’s own objectives, and three – with the arsenal available for the player, which may (or may not) include close-range weaponry of exceptional cruelty (flamethrowers, lasers, chemical sprayers), suicidal units and weapons of mass destruction (chemical and nuclear alike), as well as various means of deception (optical camouf lage, radar jamming, espionage, electromagnetic pulses). The analysis reveals that the restrictions on a player’s freedom in defining his own character have their roots either in real world history, or in popular culture, both shaping the depiction (usually a very sharp one) of each faction of a virtual conflict – and the identity of a player’s character along with it.

Journal

Year

Issue

Pages

89-108

Physical description

Dates

published
2015

Contributors

  • Uniwersytet Jagielloński

References

  • Aarseth, E., Smedstad, S. M., Sunnanå, L. (2003). A Multi-Dimensional Typology of Games. W: M. Copier, J. Raessens (red.). Digital Games Research Conference. Utrecht: Utrecht University.
  • Felczak, M. (2013). Praktyki odbioru komputerowych strategii czasu rzeczywistego w kontekście e-sportów. Homo Ludens, 5(1), 47–58. Online: <http://ptbg.org.pl/HomoLudens/vol/5/>. Data dostępu: 4 sierpnia 2014.
  • Ghys, T. (2012). Technology Trees: Freedom and Determinism in Historical Strategy Games. Game Studies, 12(1). Online: <http://gamestudies.org/1201/articles/tuur_ghys>. Dostęp: 18 kwietnia 2014.
  • Gomez, J. (2015). A Match Made in „Outer Heaven:” The Digital Age Vis-à-Vis The Bomb in Guns of Patriots. W: A. DeMarco (red.). Gamification: Concepts, Methodologies, Tools, and Applications. Hershey: Information Science Reference.
  • Elliott, A., Kapell, M.W. (2013). Introduction: To Build a Past That Will "Stand the Test of Time-Discovering Historical Facts, Assembling Historical Narratives. W: A. Elliott, M.W. Kapell (red.), Playing with the Past: Digital Games and the Simulation of History. New York: Bloomsbury Academic.
  • Mäyrä, F. (2008). An Introduction to Game Studies. London: SAGE Publications.
  • Orland, K., Steinberg, S., Thomas, D. (2007). The Videogame Style Guide and Reference Manual. London: Power Play Publishing.
  • Schut, K. (2006). Desktop Conquistadors: Negotiating American Manhood in the Digital Fantasy Role-Playing Game. W: J.P. Williams, S.Q. Hendricks, W.K. Winkler (red). Gaming as culture: essays on reality, identity, and experience in fantasy games. Jefferson: McFarland & Company.
  • Sicart, M. (2009). The Ethics of Computer Games. Cambridge: The MIT Press.
  • Tulloch, J. (1999). Performing Culture: Stories of Expertise and the Everyday. London: SAGE Publications Ltd.
  • WYKAZ SKRÓTÓW I LUDOGRAFIA
  • TD – Westwood Studios (1995). Command & Conquer: Tiberian Dawn [PC]. Virgin Interactive.
  • BTCO – Westwood Studios (1996). Command & Conquer: The Covert Operations [PC]. Virgin Interactive.
  • TS – Westwood Studios (1999). Command & Conquer: Tiberian Sun [PC]. Electronic Arts.
  • TSF – Westwood Studios (2000). Command & Conquer: Tiberian Sun – Firestorm [PC]. Electronic Arts.
  • TW – EA Los Angeles (2007). Command & Conquer 3: Tiberium Wars [PC]. Electronic Arts.
  • KW – EA Los Angeles (2008). Command & Conquer 3: Kane’s Wrath [PC]. Electronic Arts.
  • RA – Westwood Studios (1996). Command & Conquer: Red Alert [PC]. Virgin Interactive.
  • RAC – Westwood Studios (1997). Command & Conquer: Red Alert – Counterstrike [PC]. Virgin Interactive.
  • RAA – Westwood Studios (1997). Command & Conquer: Red Alert – Aftermath. [PC]. Virgin Interactive.
  • RA2 – Westwood Pacific (2000). Command & Conquer: Red Alert 2 [PC]. EA Games.
  • YR – Westwood Pacific (2000). Command & Conquer: Red Alert 2 – Yuri’s Revenge [PC]. EA Games.
  • RA3 – EA Los Angeles (2008). Command & Conquer: Red Alert 3 [PC]. Electronic Arts.
  • RA3U – EA Los Angeles (2009). Command & Conquer: Red Alert 3 – Uprising [PC]. Electronic Arts.
  • D2 – Westwood Studios (1992). Dune II: The Building of a Dynasty [PC]. Virgin Interactive.
  • D2K – Intelligent Games, Westwood Studios (1998). Dune 2000 [PC]. Virgin Interactive.
  • EBfD – Westwood Studios (2001). Emperor: Battle for Dune [PC]. Electronic Arts.
  • O&H – Blizzard Entertainment (1994). Warcraft: Orcs & Humans [PC]. Blizzard Entertainment, Interplay Entertainment.
  • ToD – Blizzard Entertainment (1995). Warcraft II: Tides of Darkness [PC]. Blizzard Entertainment.
  • BtDP – Cyberlore Studios (1996). Warcraft II: Beyond the Dark Portal [PC]. Blizzard Entertainment.
  • RoC – Blizzard Entertainment (2002). Warcraft III: Reign of Chaos [PC]. Blizzard Entertainment.
  • TFT – Blizzard Entertainment (2003). Warcraft III: The Frozen Throne [PC]. Blizzard Entertainment, Sierra Entertainment.

Document Type

Publication order reference

Identifiers

ISSN
2080-4555

YADDA identifier

bwmeta1.element.desklight-592292b7-c048-4e6f-99e7-7141bd7b4f4f
JavaScript is turned off in your web browser. Turn it on to take full advantage of this site, then refresh the page.