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2015 | 63 | 11: Anglica | 163-180

Article title

Transcending the reservation borders in Sherman Alexie’s work

Authors

Title variants

PL
Przekraczanie granic rezerwatu w twórczości Shermana Alexie

Languages of publication

EN

Abstracts

EN
The article analyzes the theme of transcending borders in the selected works by Sherman Alexie. In my analysis the borders are understood literally, as geopolitical constructs, as well as symbolically, as social, cultural, and racial lines that separate individuals, communities, and nations. It is in the presence of these borders that individuals’ world-view and self-perception are formed. The process of transcending the real and metaphorical reservation borders observable in Alexie’s work reflects his gradual distancing from Indian-centric and racially charged themes. Explored extensively in his early writing, the reservation represents Indian homeland, and is portrayed as a place which, although embraced as home by his Indian characters, entails also geographical and mental confinement. Yet Alexie’s post-2000 work demonstrates that he has expanded the borders of his fictional world. This change is manifested in the author’s progressive detachment from the reservation-centered themes, and his growing interest in the multiethnic American setting. Accordingly, his recent work centers on “a mental and emotional landscape” of human relations in American society.
PL
Artykuł poświęcony jest analizie wybranych utworów literackich Shermana Alexie. W jego utworach proces redefiniowania pojęcia „domu” można przedstawić metaforycznie jako proces przekraczania granic rezerwatu. We wczesnej prozie Alexiego rezerwat to przestrzeń będąca jednocześnie domem i „więzieniem”, odseparowującym ludność indiańską od białej Ameryki. Natomiast utwory publikowane od roku 2000 dokumentują już istotną zmianę w tematyce twórczości pisarza. Podejmowane w nich tematy to przede wszystkim miejskie doświadczenie współczesnych, zasymilowanych Indian, poszukiwanie tożsamości i nowe określenie własnego miejsca w Ameryce. Doświadczenie wielokulturowej Ameryki prowadzi do kwestionowania własnej tożsamości przez bohaterów indiańskich i tym samym prowokuje pytania o „indiańskość” w XXI wieku. Słabnące (w późniejszej twórczości) zainteresowanie Alexiego problematyką rezerwatu można traktować symbolicznie jako początek procesu przekraczania granic, odrzucania kolonialnej idei rezerwatu jako ograniczającej wolność i rozwój kultur indiańskich. Alexie przedstawia wielokulturową, miejską Amerykę jako dom dla zasymilowanej, panindiańskiej społeczności, tym samym poszerzając granice swego powieściowego świata. Kwestionując rasowe, klasowe i kulturowe podziały we współczesnych społeczeństwach, Alexie wzywa do globalnej solidarności, niezbędnej dla przetrwania i rozwoju ludzkości.

Year

Volume

63

Issue

Pages

163-180

Physical description

Contributors

  • Institute of English Studies, the John Paul II Catholic University of Lublin

References

  • Alexie, Sherman. “Introduction.” The Lone Ranger and Fistfight in Heaven. Expanded ed. New York: Grove Press, 2005. xi–xxii.
  • Alexie, Sherman. Old Shirts & New Skins. Los Angeles: American Indian Studies Center, UCLA, 1993.
  • Alexie, Sherman. Reservation Blues. New York: Atlantic Monthly Press, 1995.
  • Alexie, Sherman. Ten Little Indians. New York: Grove Press, 2003.
  • Alexie, Sherman. The Business of Fancydancing. Brooklyn: Hanging Loose Press, 1992.
  • Alexie, Sherman. The Lone Ranger and Fistfight in Heaven. London: Vintage, 1997.
  • Alexie, Sherman. The Toughest Indian in the World. New York: Grove Press, 2000.
  • Alexie, Sherman. War Dances. New York: Grove Press, 2009.
  • Allan, Lorena. “Reservation to Riches: A Conversation with Sherman Alexie.” Conversations with Sherman Alexie. Ed. Nancy J. Peterson. Jackson: University Press of Mississippi, 2009, 157–168.
  • Bellante, John and Carl. “Sherman Alexie: A Reservation Rebel.” Conversations with Sherman Alexie. Ed. Nancy J. Peterson. Jackson: University Press of Mississippi, 2009. 3–5.
  • Berlung, Jeff. “An Introduction to Sherman Alexie.” Sherman Alexie: A Collection of Critical Essays. Eds. Jeff Berlung and Jan Roush. Salt Lake City: University of Utah Press, 2010. xi–xxxix.
  • Blewster, Kelley. “Tribal Visions.” Conversations with Sherman Alexie. Ed. Nancy J. Peterson. Jackson: University Press of Mississippi, 2009. 71-82.
  • Brah, Avtar. Cartographies of Diaspora: Contesting Identities. New York: Routledge, 1996.
  • Campbell, Duncan. “Voice of the New Tribes.” Conversations with Sherman Alexie. Ed. Nancy J. Peterson. Jackson: University Press of Mississippi, 2009. 113–127.
  • Chapel, Jessica. “American Literature: Interview with Sherman Alexie.” Conversations with Sherman Alexie. Ed. Nancy J. Peterson. Jackson: University Press of Mississippi, 2009. 96–105.
  • Davis, Tanita and Sarah Stevenson. “Sherman Alexie.” Conversations with Sherman Alexie. Ed. Nancy J. Peterson. Jackson: University Press of Mississippi, 2009. 187-192.
  • Dellinger, Matt. “Redeemers.” Conversations with Sherman Alexie. Ed. Nancy J. Peterson. Jackson: University Press of Mississippi, 2009. 121–127.
  • Durczak, Joanna. “Sherman Alexie’s ‘Armani Indians’ and the New Range of Native American Fiction.” Polish Journal of American Studies 2 (2008): 103–120.
  • Ellison, Ralph. Invisible Man. New York: Vintage Books, 1989.
  • Fraser, Joelle. “An Interview with Sherman Alexie.” Conversations with Sherman Alexie. Ed. Nancy J. Peterson. Jackson: University Press of Mississippi, 2009. 83–95.
  • Harjo, Joy. How We Became Human: New and Selected Poems. New York: W.W. Norton & Company, 2002.
  • Harris, Timothy. “Seriously Sherman: Seattle’s Favorite Pissed off Poet Talks about Truth, Terror, Tradition, and What’s So Great about America Anyway.” Conversations with Sherman Alexie. Ed. Nancy J. Peterson. Jackson: University Press of Mississippi, 2009. 128–134.
  • Heldrich, Philip. “‘Survival = Anger x Imagination:’ Sherman Alexie’s Dark Humor.”
  • Sherman Alexie: A Collection of Critical Essays. Eds. Jeff Berlung and Jan Roush. Salt Lake City: University of Utah Press, 2010. 25–43.
  • Highway, Tomson. “Spokane Words: Tomson Highway Raps with Sherman Alexie.” Conversations with Sherman Alexie. Ed. Nancy J. Peterson. Jackson: University Press of Mississippi, 2009. 21–31.
  • Ladino, Jennifer, K. “‘A Limited Range of Motion?’ Multiculturalism, ‘Human Questions,’ and Urban Indian Identity in Sherman Alexie’s Ten Little Indians.” Studies in American Indian Literature 21. 3 (2009): 36–57.
  • Nygren, Åse. “A World of Story-Smoke: A Conversation with Sherman Alexie.” Conversations with Sherman Alexie. Ed. Nancy J. Peterson. Jackson: University Press of Mississippi, 2009. 141–156.
  • Peterson, Nancy. “Introduction.” Conversations with Sherman Alexie. Ed. Nancy J. Peterson. Jackson: University Press of Mississippi, 2009. ix–xviii.
  • Teters, Nancy. “Sherman Alexie: Poet, Novelist, Filmmaker.” Conversations with Sherman Alexie. Ed. Nancy J. Peterson. Jackson: University Press of Mississippi, 2009. 53–58.
  • West Dennis and Joan M. West. “Sending Cinematic Smoke Signals: An Interview with Sherman Alexie.” Conversations with Sherman Alexie. Ed. Nancy J. Peterson. Jackson: University Press of Mississippi, 2009. 59–70.

Document Type

Publication order reference

Identifiers

YADDA identifier

bwmeta1.element.desklight-65c5374d-d9ac-4792-92b5-96a73f9bfc97
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