Cechy białoruskiego reżimu autorytarnego

• Authors: Walery Karbalewicz
• Languages of publication: PL

Abstracts

EN

The article notes that every kind of authoritarianism has its own traits determined by a variety of factors, including historical, national, economic, socio -political, and international ones. The nature of the regime has been significantly influenced by a subjective element – namely, the leader’s personality. The first trait of the Belarusian regime is its anti -reform tendency. It is rooted in the Soviet period. By the beginning of Gorbachev’s perestroika, Belarusian society, unlike those in other communist countries, still was not ready for reforms. The existing system had not outlived its usefulness. Therefore, democratization and reforms didn’t start here in a natural, organic way, but rather had been brought in from the outside – from Moscow, and Alexander Lukashenko’s offer to come back gained significant support from society. The second trait is the weakness of the national idea. This resulted in Belarusian society’s unreadiness for independence, and in the creation of a nation of consumers lacking national roots. The third trait is the pro -Russian stance – Belarus’ close cooperation with Russia. The fourth trait is the excessive ideologization of the political process: the Belarusian regime is the most ideological one in the post -Soviet space. The state ideology of Belarus has several basic elements: the anti -reform idea, the appeal to the Soviet legacy, the hostility towards the West. The fifth trait is the messianic complex: Belarus under Alexander Lukashenko claims a global role in the world politics, and attempts to actively participate in resolving international problems. The sixth trait is Alexander Lukashenko’s personal, authoritarian rule: the entire system of institutions and mechanisms of power has been tailored for one person. It is noted in the Conclusion that the Belarusian social model ensured stability in the country for about a dozen years. Recently, however, Belarus entered a period of crisis. The turning point was marked by the events of December 19, 2010. Belarus faced the need of system transformations – but change is blocked by Alexander Lukashenko’s authoritarian regime.

• Publisher: Księgarnia Akademicka
• Journal: Politeja : Pismo Wydziału Studiów Miedzynarodowych i Politycznych Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego
• Year: 2012
• Issue: 4(22.1)
• Pages: 81-96

Contributors

author

Walery Karbalewicz