Ewolucja relacji chińsko-australijskich w latach 2013-2018

• Authors: Sówka Karolina

Title variants

EN

The Evolution of Sino-Australian Relations in 2013-2018

• Languages of publication: PL

Abstracts

PL

W początkowym okresie rządów Xi Jinpinga współpraca chińsko-australijska układała się pomyślnie i przynosiła korzyści obu stronom. Nawiązanie „strategicznego partnerstwa” i zawarcie umowy o wolnym handlu umożliwiło wzmocnienie relacji. Państwa aktywnie współudziały także w sferach społecznej i kulturowej. Wzrost potęgi Chińskiej Republiki Ludowej zrodził nowe wyzwania. Rosnące wydatki na zbrojenia oraz modernizacja armii przyczyniły się do zwiększonej obecności militarnej ChRL i zaostrzenia sporów na Morzu Południowochińskim i Morzu Wschodniochińskim, pogłębiając napięcia w regionie. Rosnące wpływy Chin w Australii wzbudziły niepokój rządu, który zaczął podejmować działania umożliwiające ich ograniczenie. Pekin krytycznie odniósł się do australijskiej ustawy mającej na celu redukcję zagranicznych ingerencji. Celem niniejszego opracowania jest analiza relacji chińsko-australijskich w latach 2013‒2018.

EN

In the early days of Xi Jinping's rule, Sino-Australian cooperation was successful and benefiting both sides. Establishing a “strategic partnership” and the conclusion of a free trade agreement made it possible to deepen the relationship. In addition to developing economic relations, states actively collaborated on the social and cultural levels. China's growing power has brought new challenges. The increase in spending on armaments and the modernization of the army contributed to the increased military presence of the PRC in the region and the exacerbation of disputes in the South China Sea and the East China Sea, raising tensions in the region. The growing influence of the People's Republic of China in Australia has caused concern for the government, which has started to limit it. Beijing has been critical of Australian law to reduce foreign interference. The purpose of this study is to analyze the Sino-Australian relations in 2013-2018.

Keywords

PL

Australia; Chińska Republika Ludowa; relacje chińsko-australijskie; Xi Jinping

EN

Australia; People's Republic of China; Sino-Australian relations; Xi Jinping

• Publisher: Instytut Nauk Społecznych i Bezpieczeństwa Uniwersytetu Przyrodniczo-Humanistycznego w Siedlcach
• Journal: De Securitate et Defensione. O Bezpieczeństwie i Obronności
• Year: 2021
• Issue: 1(7)
• Pages: 253-262

Dates

published

2021-07-28

Contributors

author

Sówka Karolina

• Uniwersytet Przyrodniczo-Humanistyczny w Siedlcach

References

• 1. Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank. 2015. W https://pmtranscripts.pmc.gov.au/release/transcript-24327.
• 2. Australia in the Asian Century White Paper. 2013.
• 3. W https://www.defence.gov.au/whitepaper/2013/docs/australia_in_the_asian_century_white_paper.pdf.
• 4. Australia, Australians and Greater China. W https://aus.thechinastory.org/archive/australia-australians-and-greater-china/.
• 5. Brown Kerry. 2015. ‘Fear and Greed’: A Closer Look at Australia’s China Policy. What if PM Abbott is right to describe Australia’s China policy as based on “fear and greed”?. W https://thediplomat.com/2015/04/fear-and-greed-a-closer-look-at-australias-china-policy/.
• 6. ChAFTA and rebalancing of Chinese & Australian economies: Speech to Australia-China Business Forum. 2016. W https://www.malcolmturnbull.com.au/media/China-Business-Week.
• 7. Chan Gabrielle. 2014. Australia won't join Asian infrastructure bank 'until rules change'. W https://www.theguardian.com/australia-news/2014/oct/31/australia-wont-join-asian-infrastructure-bank-until-rules-change.
• 8. Collinson Elena. 2016. Australia-China Relations (January 2015 to June 2016). W https://www.australiachinarelations.org/sites/default/files/ACRIWORKINGPAPER2016_Elena%20Collinson_Australia-China%20Relations%20January%202015%20to%20June%202016_Blue%20Book%20of%20Australia.pdf.
• 9. Defence White Paper. 2013.W https://www.defence.gov.au/whitepaper/2013/.
• 10. Foreign Policy White Paper. 2017. W https://www.dfat.gov.au/sites/default/files/2017-foreign-policy-white-paper.pdf.
• 11. Full text: China’s Policies on Asia-Pacific Security Cooperation. 2017. W http://english.www.gov.cn/archive/white_paper/2017/01/11/content_281475539078636.htm.
• 12. Garnaut John. 2012. Abbott talks tough during China visit. W https://www.smh.com.au/politics/federal/abbott-talks-tough-during-china-visit-20120724-22nkw.html.
• 13. Garnaut John. 2015. 'Fear and greed' drive Australia's China policy, Tony Abbott tells Angela Merkel. W https://www.smh.com.au/politics/federal/fear-and-greed-drive-australias-china-policy-tony-abbott-tells-angela-merkel-20150416-1mmdty.html.
• 14. Garnaut John. 2018. How China Interferes in Australia And How Democracies Can Push Back, https://www.foreignaffairs.com/articles/china/2018-03-09/how-china-interferes-australia.
• 15. Greene Andrew. 2017. Foreign Minister Julie Bishop delivers warning to China on need to embrace democracy. W https://www.abc.net.au/news/2017-03-14/julie-bishop-warns-china-on-need-to-embrace-democracy/8350968.
• 16. Guide to using ChAFTA to export or import. W https://www.dfat.gov.au/trade/agreements/in-force/chafta/doing-business-with-china/Pages/guide-to-using-chafta-to-export-or-import.
• 17. Hamilton Clive. 2018. Australia's Fight Against Chinese Political Interference. What Its New Laws Will Do. W https://www.foreignaffairs.com/articles/australia/2018-07-26/australias-fight-against-chinese-political-interference.
• 18. Horton Roxane. 2014. Australia’s Abbott Seeks to Balance Japan, South Korea and China on Asian Trip. W https://www.worldpoliticsreview.com/articles/13703/australia-s-abbott-seeks-to-balance-japan-south-korea-and-china-on-asian-trip.
• 19. Japan-United States-Australia Trilateral Strategic Dialogue Joint Statement. 2016. W https://www.mofa.go.jp/a_o/ocn/page3e_000514.html.
• 20. Kenny Mark, Wen Philip. 2014. Tony Abbott lauds wealth and friendship in speech at business forum in China. W https://www.smh.com.au/politics/federal/tony-abbott-lauds-wealth-and-friendship-in-speech-at-business-forum-in-china-20140410-zqszl.html.
• 21. Malcolm Turnbull says China 'pushing the envelope' in South China Sea, Anna Henderson. 2015. W https://www.abc.net.au/news/2015-09-21/china-is-pushing-the-envelope-in-south-china-sea-turnbull/6793102.
• 22. Mishra Rahul. 2013. Australia-China Strategic Partnership. W https://idsa.in/issuebrief/Australia-ChinaStrategicPartnership_rmishra_130513.
• 23. Morini Daryl. 2013. Julia Gillard’s China Play. W https://thediplomat.com/2013/04/julia-gillards-china-play/.
• 24. New Australian government upholds ban on China's Huawei. 2013. W https://www.reuters.com/article/us-huawei-australia-idUSBRE99S01820131029.
• 25. Remarks of Spokesperson of Chinese Embassy in Australia. 2017. W http://au.china-embassy.org/eng/gdxw/t1516965.htm.
• 26. Roberts George. 2013. Tony Abbott vows to strengthen trade with China after meeting Xi Jinping on sidelines of APEC. W https://www.abc.net.au/news/2013-10-07/abbott-meets-chinese-president-on-sidelines-of-apec/5001922.
• 27. Speech introducing the National Security Legislation Amendment (Espionage and Foreign Interference) Bill 2017. 2017. W https://www.malcolmturnbull.com.au/media/speech-introducing-the-national-security-legislation-amendment-espionage-an.
• 28. The deterioration of Australia–China relations, Strategic Comments. 2020. Strategic Comments. Vol. 26 (Issue 3).
• 29. Turnbull Malcolm. 2020. A Bigger Picture, Hardie Grant Books Richmond. Victoria. Hardie Grant.
• 30. Turnbull sticks to rule of law to keep China dialogue flowing. 2016. Whttps://www.theaustralian.com.au/commentary/opinion/turnbull-sticks-to-rule-of-law-to-keep-china-dialogue-flowing/news-story/944e0d533c85864cc6614f91e5a63654.
• 31. Xi Jinping Delivers Important Speech at Federal Parliament of Australia Entitled "Pursuing Chinese and Australian Development Dreams Hand in Hand and Achieving Regional Prosperity and Stability Shoulder to Shoulder". 2014. W https://www.fmprc.gov.cn/mfa_eng/topics_665678/xjpzxcxesgjtldrdjcfhdadlyxxlfjjxgsfwbttpyjjdgldrhw/t1212614.shtml.
• 32. Xi Jinping Meets with Australian Prime Minister Julia Gillard, Agreeing to Build China-Australia Strategic Partnership of Mutual Trust and Mutual Benefit. 2013. W https://www.fmprc.gov.cn/mfa_eng/topics_665678/boao_665692/t1029404.shtml.
• 33. Xi Jinping Meets with Prime Minister Malcolm Turnbull of Australia. 2015. W http://www.china-un.ch/eng/wjyw/t1315725.htm.
• 34. Xi Jinping Meets with Prime Minister Malcolm Turnbull of Australia. 2016. W https://www.fmprc.gov.cn/mfa_eng/topics_665678/2016zt/XJPCXBZCESGJTLDRDSYCFHJCXYGHD/t1395060.shtml.

Identifiers

ISSN

2450-5005