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Issues discussed in this article are related to the process of self-education. The author presents the concepts of andragogy and lifelong learning in the functioning of the education sciences. He also refers to a research project carried out in “Andragoski Center Republike Slovenije” (“Andragogy Centre of the Republic of Slovenia in Ljubljana”). Conclusions from the study show the differences and distinctiveness between pedagogy and andragogy which provoke refl ection on the place of adult education in the society and the world. By referring to Nairobi Recommendation on the Development of Adult Education by UNESCO, the author combines educational dilemmas with law and human need for education in adult life. He presents his fi ndings in terms of the functioning of higher education and focuses on the tasks of an academic teacher and student attitudes towards their own education.