Pigmenty bitumiczne w malarstwie sztalugowym i związane z nimi kwestie konserwatorskie

• Authors: Rościszewska Joanna

Title variants

EN

Bituminous Pigments in Easel Painting and Connected Conservation Problems

• Languages of publication: PL EN

Abstracts

EN

Bituminous pigments — asphalt, Kassel earth, Cologne earth, Van Dyck brown and mummy — were employed from the beginning of our era up to the end of the nineteenth century. During the twentieth century and in the face of changes occurring under their impact in the nondrying layer of the painting, these pigments were almost totally excluded from the palette. Nonetheless, many paintings in which the original layer underwent numerous transformations, have survived up to our times. Changes in the painting layer which contains bituminous pigments cause darkening, fluence, wrinkling, fissures, the emergence of islets in the painting layer („crocodile hide”) and a network of small surface cracks. A survey conducted among conservators made it possible to distinguish three basic methods of treating mechanical changes in the painting layer: prevention, the use of solvents and the application of heat. Prophylactic operations (the assurance of suitable temperature and moisture) which could halt or hinder progressing transformations should be also kept in mind.

Keywords

PL

pigmenty bitumiczne; malarstwo sztalugowe; warstwy malarskie; konserwacja malarstwa; werniksowanie

• Publisher: Narodowy Instytut Dziedzictwa
• Journal: Ochrona Zabytków
• Year: 1994
• Issue: 3-4
• Pages: 289-292

Dates

published

1994

Contributors

author

Rościszewska Joanna

References

• Pliniusz, Historia naturalis (w:) J. Hopliński, Podręcznik technologiczny dla malarzy, Krakow 1927, s. 17-24;
• A. P. Laurie, T. N. Foulis, The Materials of the Painter’s Craft. In Europe and Egypt from earliest times to the end of theXVIIth century, with some account of their preparation and use, London — Edinburgh 1910;
• G. Piva, Manuale pratico di tecnica pittorica, Milano 1964, s. 50;
• Uber die Erfindung des Mal-Systems von Raffaelo— Tiziano— Giorgio Linzi — Trevisio, „Technische Mitteilungen fur Malerei” 1893, nr 40, s. 532-533.
• H. Abraham, Asphalts and Allied Substances, 1.1, Princeton 1960, s. 39 i przyp. 94, s. 286.
• T. Niderlender, Uber einige Eigenschaften des Asphalts, „Technische Mitteilungen fur Malerei” 1893, nr 171, s. 437-438.
• S. Delbourgo, Les alterations de la couche picturale sous l ’objectif du microscope, „Annales du laboratoire de recherche des musees de France” 1970, s. 4-7.
• C. Comaro, Wessen und Technik der Malerei, 1907. Podaję za: Die Grosse Encyklopedie der Malerei, t. I, Wien 1957, s. 171.
• J. Szpor, Specyfikacja problemow konserwatorskich w obrazach olejnych Piotra Michałowskiego na podstawie dotychczasowych doświadczeń, Warszawa 1991, mpis na Wydziale Konserwacji Dzieł Sztuki ASP, s. 109-111.

Identifiers

ISSN

0029-8247