EN
The author of the article analyzes contents of the so-called medical codes of ethics which are currently in common usage. He proves the contents are unnecessary repetitio of legal acts, but they do not include instructions how the physician should act in situations which by nature are not regulated by law, but require moral solutions on the part of the physician. The author postulates for the creation of medical codes of ethics on the basis of Adam Smith’s distinction between personal virtues and social virtues. Only the latter can be included in legislation, i.e. they can be codified in form of legal norms. Thus, in medical codes of ethics one should codify only orders and prohibitions based on personal virtues such as kindness, altruism, or love for fellow man.