Katolicyzm, nacjonalizm i polityka. Problem integralności kresów południowo-wschodnich Rzeczpospolitej w publicystyce politycznej, społecznej i religijnej katolickiego miesięcznika "Przegląd Powszechny" w latach 1918-1939

• Authors: Ciosek Monika

Title variants

EN

Catholicism, nationalism and politics. Problem of intergity of south-eastern borderlands of the Polish Republic in political, social and religious articles published in catholic monthly “Przegląd Powszechny” 1918-1939

• Languages of publication: PL

Abstracts

EN

“Przegląd Powszechy” was a catholic monthly founded and edited by the Jesuits since 1884, addressed above all to the intelligentsia. Its scope was initially limited to Galicia, after 1918 it became an all-Polish magazine. Due to the long-term presence of the Order of Jesuits on the Polish lands, including the south-eastern borderlands of the Polish Republic, as well as the works on promoting unity between the Catholic and the Orthodox Churches, the members of the Order were able to engage with the issues of the Ukrainians (mainly the Greek-Catholics). The following generations of Jesuits took advantage of this knowledge in order to evangelize people. After 1918, it was the publicists from the “Przegląd Powszechny” was one of the best informed about ethnic and religious issues in the multi-ethnical lands, which in the end (after 1921) formed part of the Second Polish Republic. The present article is about the way in which the Catholic intelligentsia in 1918- 1939 used to perceive ethnic issues, based on the attitude of publicists from the monthly towards the Ukrainian issue. The quotations from the articles published in the monthly show above all that the need of development of the Ukrainians as a separate nation was seen and accepted, although only to some extent, without being a separate state. The greatest value was attributed to the reinforcement of the spiritual development of the nation, within the framework of the Greek Catholic Church, which meant strong support for the development of this rite and, generally, to all forms of unity of the Eastern Church and Rome. However, even before 1918 the need for Polish-Ukrainian reconciliation was already seen, e.g. in 1914 the Ukrainian and Polish intellectuals were polled on questions concerning the Ukrainian issue. The need of equal rights and care of the state towards all citizens was underlined in particular towards the Ukrainian people. It was believed that the guarantee of peace in the state was above all possible by guaranteeing the development of Eastern Catholic Rites, which were not supported by the government at that time, and by stopping the politicisation of the Greek Catholicism as well as the Ukrainian issue in general (the formation of an independent Ukrainian statehood was perceived as a threat for peace and facilitation for the Bolshevik activity). A detailed analysis of the articles devoted to the Ukrainian issues and the analysis of the polemics with the conservative press, the Ukrainian press and the government side, quoted in the monthly, point to the contemporary differentiation of views as far as the Ukrainian matter was concerned. What is worth noticing, is the knowledge about the Ukrainians and non-standard solutions to the aggravating nationality conflicts proposed by the Jesuit redactors of the monthly, which went far beyond the average journalism of that time.

• Publisher: Uniwersytet Kardynała Stefana Wyszyńskiego w Warszawie
• Journal: Saeculum Christianum. Pismo Historyczne
• Year: 2013
• Volume: 20
• Pages: 189-201

Contributors

author

Ciosek Monika

• Wydział Nauk Historycznych i Społecznych, Uniwersytet Kardynała Stefana Wyszyńskiego, Warszawa

References

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