Brudnice, st. V, woj. mazowieckie. Badania w roku 2011

• Authors: Szela Andrzej

Title variants

EN

Brudnice, Site V, the Mazowieckie Voivodeship. Excavations in 2011

• Languages of publication: PL EN

Abstracts

EN

The year 2011 was the ninth season of the presence of archaeologists at the site at Brudnice and the eighth season of systematic excavations. In its course it was possible to excavate more than 750 m2 of the site and to discover as many as 152 archaeological features. A majority of them were settlement features related to the earlier (Przeworsk) phase of use of the site. These features were mainly post holes and pits of different kind - midden and storage pits. In one of such pits a flint arrowhead was found in a secondary deposit (Fig. 1). Its form is characteristic for the population of the Trzciniec Culture from Period II of the Bronze Age. Apart from settlement features, 31 sepulchral features of the Wielbark Culture were also exposed. In most cases these were cremation pit graves; regrettably, they were relatively poorly furnished. Furthermore, two urn graves and seven inhumation graves were discovered. In one of the latter (Feature 389), an almost complete skeleton remained. The burial was furnished with two bronze fibulae of Types A.162 and A.170. At the feet of the interred person there was a layer of evidently burnt black soil, which contained burnt human remains (fig. 2). This is the first case of a biritual grave at the necropolis at Brudnice. As all the trenches which were marked out in 2011 were situated in a place of intense farming at the time of existence of the local State Agricultural Farm (PGR), and this area was additionally subject to deep ploughing for a forest which grows in its neighbourhood, excavation works were preceded by a prospection of the terrain with the use of metal detectors. In result of that, numerous finds were acquired. Among them, a bronze fibula of Type A.185- 186 with a profiled knob on its bow (Bugelknopffibel) proved to be the most interesting. The foot of the fibula broadens in a triangular way and is ornamented with a so-called metope and an ornament of punched dots (Fig. 3). A similar ornament can also be seen in four places on both sides of the bow, which is triangular in cross-section. The knob on the head is profiled with twelve triangular facets, which are additionally emphasised with delicate engraved lines. Fibulae of Bugelknopffibel type are extremely rare finds (Vofi 2008). Examples with profiled knobs are even more sporadic. Concerning the territory of Poland, only a few examples are mentioned in literature. These are finds from the sites at Dębczyn, Gwiazdowo, Szczecin-Zdrój and Trzebusz, which are located in the territory of the Dębczyn Group (MACHAJEWSKI 2008: 153-154, fig. 16; EGGERS, STARY, 2001: 147, table 381:3,3a). A knob of another fibula was found in the territory of the Land of Lublin (KOKOWSKI 1988: 250, fig. 4:c). The fibula from Brudnice is the first find of this type from the territory of Masovia. Fibulae with a polyhedral knob on the bow are dated to Phase C3-D, although individual finds occur as early as Phase C2, and also later, in the beginnings of the 5th c. (Phase D). The settlement which was excavated in 2011, situ¬ated in the direct vicinity of the cemetery, changes the hitherto defined nature of the site - a unique bicultural necropolis. It can be said now that the site is a settlement complex, which is of crucial significance to learn about the changes in the first centuries AD in the territory of Northern Masovia.

• Publisher: Wydawnictwa Uniwersytetu Warszawskiego
• Journal: Światowit
• Year: 2012
• Volume: Tom IX (L), fasc. B
• Pages: 281-286

Contributors

author

Szela Andrzej

References

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