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2015 | 47 | 51-60

Article title

Carnivalesque Gardens in Tennyson’s The Princess

Content

Title variants

PL
Motywy karnawałowe i ich funkcje w poemacie The Princess Alfreda Tennysona

Languages of publication

EN

Abstracts

EN
The article explores the symbolic implications of two literary gardens in Tennyson’s The Princess (1847) through the prism of Mikhail Bakhtin’s notion of the carnival as introduced in Rabelais and His World (1965) and Problems of Dostoyevsky’s Poetics (1963). Sir Walter Vivian’s garden seems to stand for the benevolence, aristocratic heritage, and wealth of its master, or could even embody Victorian England itself as a progressive country of law and order. Conversely, Princess Ida’s university garden symbolises women’s discontents about the inadequacy of female education and voices increasing demands for female emancipation in the 1840s. It is a transgressive garden where not only the assigned gender roles but also the apparent stability of England’s social conditions as pictured in Sir Walter’s garden are questioned. Both the carnivalesque gardens in the poem create a fruitful space for new possibilities and social changes to be introduced to the mainstream of public attention.
PL
Artykuł poświęcony jest przedstawieniu motywu ogrodu w poemacie Alfreda Tennysona The Princess z 1847 roku, analizowanego przez pryzmat bachtinowskiego pojęcia karnawału. Już od starożytności motyw ogrodu często pojawia się w literaturze i sztuce jako miejsce obarczone wielością znaczeń i symboli. Ogród Sir Waltera opisany w prologu i konkluzji utworu symbolizuje nie tylko mądrość, bogactwo i nowoczesność właściciela, ale również może być uosobieniem wiktoriańskiej Anglii jak też metaforą samego utworu The Princess w całej jego złożoności. Uniwersytecki ogród księżniczki Idy nagłaśnia niezadowolenie i krytykę pod adresem nieadekwatnej edukacji kobiet w połowie dziewiętnastego wieku, jak również kwestionuje kulturowe procesy postrzegania norm męskości i kobiecości. Karnawałowa nieoficjalność w obu ogrodach, rozbijająca ustalone normy i hierarchie społeczne, zdaje się wskazywać na potrzebę reform i zmian.

Keywords

Year

Issue

47

Pages

51-60

Physical description

Contributors

  • Uniwersytet Warszawski

References

  • Anderson, Randall L. “Metaphors of the Book as Garden in the English Renaissance.” The Yearbook of English Studies 33 (2003): 248–261.
  • Bakhtin, Mikhail. Problems of Dostoevsky’s Poetics. Ed. and trans. Caryl Emerson. Minneapolis: Univ. of Minnesota Press, 1984. Bakhtin, Mikhail. Rabelais and His World. Trans. Helene Iswolsky. Bloomington: Indiana Univ. Press, 1984.
  • Bending, Stephen. “Mrs. Montague’s Contemplative Bench: Bluestocking Gardens and Female Retirement.” Huntington Library Quarterly 69.4 (2006): 555–580.
  • Buchanan, Lindal. “‘Doing battle with forgotten ghosts’: Carnival, Discourse, and Degradation in Tennyson’s The Princess.” Victorian Poetry 39.4 (2001): 573–595.
  • Hall, Donald H. “The Anti-Feminist Ideology of Tennyson’s The Princess.” Modern Language Studies 21.4 (1991): 49–62.
  • Killham, John. Tennyson and The Princess: Reflections of an Age. London: The Athlone Press, 1958.
  • Miller, Mara. “The Garden as Significant Form.” The Journal of Speculative Philosophy 2.4 (1998): 267–287.
  • Milton, John. Paradise Lost. Harmondsworth: Penguin Books, 1996.
  • Montagu, Jemima. “Earthly delights: The Art of the Garden.” Tate Etc. 1 (2004): n.pag. Web. 17 March 2015.
  • Peacock, Jonathan. “Rosherville Gardens: An Epitome of Victorian England.” Garden History 39.1 (2011): 64–82.
  • Sedgwick, Eve Kosofsky. Between Men: English Literature and Male Homosocial Desire. New York: Columbia University Press, 1985.
  • Tennyson, Alfred. “The Princess: A Medley.” Tennyson: A Selected Edition. Ed. Christopher Ricks. California: University of California Press, 1992. 219–330.
  • The King James Version Bible. Nashville: Thomas Nelson Publishers, 1987.

Document Type

Publication order reference

Identifiers

YADDA identifier

bwmeta1.element.desklight-909a7f85-1635-4d15-81a1-cd76d0955d52
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