Full-text resources of CEJSH and other databases are now available in the new Library of Science.
Visit https://bibliotekanauki.pl

PL EN


2020 | 2-3 (274-275) "Świat islamu w perspektywie badań arabistycznych i politologicznych Historia i współczesność" | 233-243

Article title

Challenges facing the country and the policy of Egyptian authorities – examples of activities on the political and educational level

Content

Title variants

Languages of publication

EN

Abstracts

EN
Islam is the main religion of the Egyptian state and the basics of Sharia law are the main source of its legislation. According to the constitution, religion is one of the most important subjects in pre-university education. The role of religion is not only legislative. While talking about society, it should be mentioned that religion also plays an important role among Egyptians. Teaching religion is therefore a sensitive issue and should be significant for the government. The way they teach it and the topics they consider crucial for children to learn may later have a great impact not only on the spiritual life of believers, but also their vision of the country, the world, their way of thinking and their relationships with others – fellow citizens and tourists visiting their country. The author of the article presents the relation of ‘authorities-teaching Islam’ in governmental primary schools on the basis of examples of the content of Egyptian textbooks concerning Islam – called Islamic Upbringing – which are connected with selected topics considered important for the country. The range of the research stretches from 2013 to 2016. Topics approached in the article concern the fight against terrorism and extremist ideas, the meaning of ‘Egyptian’ and the co-existence of all citizens of Egypt – Muslims and Christians – and patriotic education. The presented content of the textbooks for Islamic Upbringing takes into account the activities of President ʿAbd al-Fattāh as-Sīsī and the government to identify whether the textbooks are compatible with public life and the current situation in the country.

Contributors

References

  • Awadalla, Nadine, Werr, Patrick, Aboudi, Sami. Egypt’s Sisi opens mega-mosque and Middle East’s largest cathedral in New Capital, https://www.reuters.com/article/us-egypt-religion/egypts-sisi-opens-mega-mosque-and-middle-easts-largest-cathedral-in-new-capital-idUSKCN1P00L9, [28.02.2020].
  • AFP. Egypt marks anniversary of Russian Metrojet plane bombing, https://ww.egyptindependent.com/egypt-marks-anniversary-russian-metrojet-plane-bombing/, [26.02.2020].
  • Ahmad Hammād, ʿAbd al-Ğalīl, ʿAbd al-ʿAzīm Muhammad, Šākir. At-Tarbiya ad--dīniyya al-islāmiyya. As-Saff al-hāmis al-ibtidāʾī. Al-Fasl ad-dirāsī al-awwal. Wizārat at-Tarbiya wa-at-Taʿlīm, 2013.
  • Ahmad Hammād, ʿAbd al-Ğalīl, ʿAbd al-ʿAzīm Muhammad, Šākir. At-Tarbiya ad--dīniyya al-islāmiyya. As-Saff al-hāmis al-ibtidāʾī. Al-Fasl ad-dirāsī al-awwal. Wizārat at-Tarbiya wa-at-Taʿlīm, 2014.
  • Ahmad Hammād, ʿAbd al-Ğalīl, ʿAbd al-ʿAzīm Muhammad, Šākir. At-Tarbiya ad--dīniyya al-islāmiyya. As-Saff al-hāmis al-ibtidāʾī. Al-Fasl ad-dirāsī al-awwal. Wizārat at-Tarbiya wa-at-Taʿlīm, 2015.
  • Ahram Online. ‘I will personally monitor the progress of new education system’, says Egypt’s Sisi, http://english.ahram.org.eg/NewsContent/1/64/311851/Egypt/Politics-/I-will-personally-monitor-the-progress-of-the-new-.aspx, [29.02.2020].
  • Al-yawm – Kalimat fadīlat ad-duktūr Ahmad At-Tayyib šayh al-Azhar fī iftitāh kātidrāʾiyya Mīlād al-masīh bi-al-ʿāsima al-idāriyya, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6Rrql8_Ewls, [28.02.2020].
  • Al-Masry Al-Youm. No abusive words to Christians in Islamic religion school curricula, https://www.egyptindependent.com/NO-ABUSIVE-WORDS-CHRISTIANS-ISLAMIC-RELIGION-SCHOOL-CURRICULA/, [27.02.2020].
  • Bassiouni, M. Cherif, Chronicles of the Egyptian Revolution and its Aftermath: 2011–2016, Cambridge University Press, 2017.
  • Bawwābat al-Ahrām. Ar-raʾīs As-Sīsī: Nurīd insānan marinan, mufakkiran wa-mutaqqafan wa-muhibban li-ad-dunyā wa-li-al-hayāt.wa-lan nanğah illa bi-kum wa-lakum, http://gate.ahram.org.eg/NEWS/1995646%20.ASPX?FBCLID=IWAR0TSDBMWBBLSFSE43ZQECHAVZIOGIIXUZJTLWOEUTITIX3IP_-GT7IA5ZW, [29.02.2020].
  • BBC News. Egypt Prosecutor Hisham Barakat killed in Cairo attack, https://www.bbc.com/news/world-middle-east-33308518, [26.02.2020].
  • Central Intelligence Agency, https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/print_eg.html, [26.02.2020].
  • Constitution of Arab Republic of Egypt from 2014.
  • Education Law, Law no. 139 for 1981.
  • Egypt Independent. Endowments Ministry backtracks on scripted Friday sermons, https://egyptindependent.com/endowments-ministry-backtracks-scripted-friday-sermons/, [26.02.2020].
  • Egypt Today staff. Pope Tawadros II leads 2020 Christmas Mass at Cathedral in Administrative Capital, https://www.egypttoday.com/Article/1/79403/Pope-Tawadros-II-leads-2020-Christmas-Mass-at-Cathedral-in, [28.02.2020].
  • Egyptian Streets. 305 Killed: Mosque Attack is the Deadliest in Egypt’s Modern History, https://egyptianstreets.com/2017/11/24/235-killed-mosque-attack-is-the-deadliest-in-egypts-modern-history/, [26.02.2020].
  • Egyptian Streets. Egypt Orders All Imams to Deliver Identical Friday Sermons, https://egyptianstreets.com/2016/07/14/egypt-orders-all-imams-to-deliver-identical-friday-sermons/, [26.02.2020].
  • Egyptian Streets. ISIS Attempts to Erupt Sectarian Violence Between Egypt`s Muslims and Christians: Al-Sisi, https://egyptianstreets.com/2017/05/26/isis-attempts-to-erupt-sectarian-violence-between-egypts-muslims-and-christians-al-sisi/, [26.02.2020].
  • Ford, Dana, Abdelaziz, Salma, Lee, Ian. Egypt’s president calls for a ‘religious revolution’, https://edition.cnn.com/2015/01/06/africa/egypt-president-speech/index.html, [26.02.2020].
  • Hammād, ʿAbd al-Ğalīl, As-Saqārī, Mahmūd, ʿAbd al-Munʿim Muhammad, Sābir. At-Tarbiya ad-dīniyya al-islāmiyya. As-Saff ar-rābiʿ al-ibtidāʾī. Al-Fasl ad-dirāsī al-awwal. Wizārat at-Tarbiya wa-at-Taʿlīm [Mutābiʿ aš-širka al-qawmiyya li-at-tawzīʿ], 2012.
  • Hammād, ʿAbd al-Ğalīl, As-Saqārī, Mahmūd, ʿAbd al-Munʿim Muhammad, Sābir. At-Tarbiya ad-dīniyya al-islāmiyya. As-Saff ar-rābiʿ al-ibtidāʾī. Al-Fasl ad-dirāsī al-awwal. Wizārat at-Tarbiya wa-at-Taʿlīm, 2014.
  • Hammād, ʿAbd al-Ğalīl, As-Saqārī, Mahmūd, ʿAbd al-Munʿim Muhammad, Sābir. At-Tarbiya ad-dīniyya al-islāmiyya. As-Saff ar-rābiʿ al-ibtidāʾī. Al-Fasl ad-dirāsī al-awwal. Wizārat at-Tarbiya wa-at-Taʿlīm, 2015.
  • Index Mundi. Egypt Demographics Profile 2019, https://www.indexmundi.com/egypt/demographics_profile.html, [26.02.2020; 27.02. 2020].
  • Islam, Salma. Egypt’s Sisi Calls on Al-Azhar Scholars to Push Back Against Extremist Religious Discourse, https://egyptianstreets.com/2016/06/30/egypts-sisi-calls-on-al-azhar-scholars-to-push-back-against-extremist-religious-discourse/, [26.02.2020].
  • Kalimat al-bābā Tawādrūs lahzat iftitāh masğid al-Fattāh al-ʿalīm bi-al-ʿāsima al-idāriyya al-ğadīda, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=t2fpdWH2UGo, [28.02.2020].
  • Kāmil Mustafà, Mustfà, Muhammad ʿAbd al-ʿĀtī, Ismāʿīl, Zīdān Bidrān, Fuʾād, ʿAbd ar-Raḥman Ḥusayn, ʿAbd ar-Rahīm, Muhammad ʿAfīfī, Abū al-ʿAbbās, Muhammad Šawqī, Sāmiyya. (ed.). At-Tarbiya ad-dīniyya al-islāmiyya. As-Saff as-sādis al-ibtidāʾī. Al-Fasl ad-dirāsī al-awwal. Wizārat at-Tarbiya wa-at-Taʿlīm, 2013.
  • Kāmil Mustafà, Mustafà, Muhammad ʿAbd al-ʿĀtī, Ismāʿīl, Zīdān Bidrān, Fuʾād, ʿAbd ar-Raḥman Ḥusayn, ʿAbd ar-Rahīm, Muhammad ʿAfīfī, Abū al-ʿAbbās, Muhammad Šawqī, Sāmiyya. (ed.). At-Tarbiya ad-dīniyya al-islāmiyya. As-Saff as-sādis al-ibtidāʾī. Al-Fasl ad-dirāsī al-awwal, Wizārat at-Tarbiya wa-at-Taʿlīm, 2014.
  • Kāmil Mustafà, Mustafà, Muhammad ʿAbd al-ʿĀtī, Ismāʿīl, Zīdān Bidrān, Fuʾād, ʿAbd ar-Raḥman Ḥusayn, ʿAbd ar-Rahīm, Muhammad ʿAfīfī, Abū al-ʿAbbās, Muhammad Šawqī, Sāmiyya. (ed.). At-Tarbiya ad-dīniyya al-islāmiyya. As-Saff as-sādis al-ibtidāʾī. Al-Fasl ad-dirāsī al-awwal. Wizārat at-Tarbiya wa-at-Taʿlīm, 2015.
  • Khalid, Hassan. Who will dictate religious discourse in Egypt?, https://www.al-monitor.com/pulse/originals/2017/01/egypt-endowments-ministry-sermon-regulate-al-azhar.html, [25.01.2021].
  • Khan, Mohsin. The Economic Consequences of the Arab Spring, https://www.files.ethz.ch/isn/177370/The_Economic_Consequences_of_the_Arab_Spring.pdf, [26.02.2020].
  • Kingsley, Patrick. Abdel Fatah al-Sisi won 96.1% of vote in Egypt presidential election, say officials, https://www.theguardian.com/world/2014/jun/03/abdel-fatah-al-sisi-presidential-election-vote-egypt, [26.02.2020].
  • Kingsley, Patrick, Abdo, Manu, At least 32 killed in Egypt as militants attack army and police targets in Sinai, https://www.theguardian.com/world/2015/jan/29/egypt-army-police-sinai-el-arish-sheikh-zuwayed-rafah, [26.02.2020].
  • Mageed, Kari. Egypt’s Christian and Muslim Communities Share Ramadan Meals, https://egyptianstreets.com/2017/06/23/egypts-christian-and-muslim-communities-share-ramadan-meals/, [26.02.2020].
  • Muhammad Al-Maddāh, Al-Husaynī, Al-Fātih Al-Husaynī, Muhammad, Yahyà Nūr al-Hğğāğī, Ahmad. At-Tarbiya ad-dīniyya al-islāmiyya li-as-Saff al-awwal al-ibtidāʾī. Al-Fasl ad-dirāsī al-awwal. Wizārat at-Tarbiya wa-at-Taʿlīm, 2013.
  • Muhammad Al-Maddāh, Al-Husaynī, Al-Fātih Al-Husaynī, Muhammad, Yahyà Nūr al-Hağğāğī, Ahmad. At-Tarbiya ad-dīniyya al-islāmiyya li-as-Saff al-awwal al-ibtidāʾī. Al-Fasl ad-dirāsī al-awwal. Wizārat at-Tarbiya wa-at-Taʿlīm, 2014.
  • Muhammad Al-Maddāh, Al-Husaynī, Al-Fātih Al-Husaynī, Muhammad, Yahyà Nūr al-Hağğāğī, Ahmad. At-Tarbiya ad-dīniyya al-islāmiyya li-as-Saff al-awwal al-ibtidāʾī. Al-Fasl ad-dirāsī al-awwal, Wizārat at-Tarbiya wa-at-Taʿlīm, 2015.
  • Muhammad Saqir, Ahmad, ʿAbd al-Hamīd Ġarāb, Muhammad, Salāh Farağ, Muhammad. At-Tarbiya ad-dīniyya al-islāmiyya. As-Saff at-tālit al-ibtidāʾī. Al-Fasl ad-dirāsī al-awwal. Wizārat at-Tarbiya wa-at-Taʿlīm, 2013.
  • Muhammad Saqir, Ahmad, ʿAbd al-Hamīd Ġarāb, Muhammad, Salāh Farağ, Muhammad. At-Tarbiya ad-dīniyya al-islāmiyya. As-Saff at-tālit al-ibtidāʾī. Al-Fasl ad-dirāsī al-awwal. Wizārat at-Tarbiya wa-at-Taʿlīm, 2014.
  • Muhammad Saqir, Ahmad, ʿAbd al-Hamīd Ġarāb, Muhammad, Salāh Farağ, Muhammad. At-Tarbiya ad-dīniyya al-islāmiyya. As-Saff at-tālit al-ibtidāʾī. Al-Fasl ad-dirāsī al-awwal. Wizārat at-Tarbiya wa-at-Taʿlīm, 2015.
  • Muhammad Saqir, Ahmad, ʿAbd al-Hamīd Ġarāb, Muhammad, Salāh Farağ, Muhammad. At-Tarbiya ad-dīniyya al-islāmiyya. As-Saff at-tālit al-ibtidāʾī. Al-Fasl ad-dirāsī at-tānī. Wizārat at-Tarbiya wa-at-Taʿlīm, 2013.
  • Muhammad Saqir, Ahmad, ʿAbd al-Hamīd Ġarāb, Muhammad, Salāh Farağ, Muhammad. At-Tarbiya ad-dīniyya al-islāmiyya. As-Saff at-tālit al-ibtidāʾī. Al-Fasl ad-dirāsī at-tānī. Wizārat at-Tarbiya wa-at-Taʿlīm, 2014.
  • Muhammad Saqir, Ahmad, ʿAbd al-Hamīd Ġarāb, Muhammad, Salāh Farağ, Muhammad. At-Tarbiya ad-dīniyya al-islāmiyya. As-Saff at-tālit al-ibtidāʾī. Al-Fasl ad-dirāsī at-tānī. Wizārat at-Tarbiya wa-at-Taʿlīm, 2015.
  • Robinson, James. ISIS leader in Egypt warns Muslims to stay away from Christian gatherings in signal more massacres are to come after suicide bombers attacked churches in the country, https://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-4476064/Islamic-State-leader-Egypt-tells-Muslims-avoid-Christian-gatherings.html, [26.02.2020].
  • Šahāta, Hasan. At-Tarbiya ad-dīniyya al-islāmiyya. As-Saff at-tānī al-ibtidāʾī. Al-Fasl ad-dirāsī at-tānī. Wizārat at-Tarbiya wa-at-Taʿlīm, 2013.
  • Šahāta, Hasan. At-Tarbiya ad-dīniyya al-islāmiyya. As-Saff at-tānī al-ibtidāʾī. Al-Fasl ad-dirāsī at-tānī. Wizārat at-Tarbiya wa-at-Taʿlīm, 2014.
  • Šahāta, Hasan. At-Tarbiya ad-dīniyya al-islāmiyya. As-Saff at-tānī al-ibtidāʾī. Al-Fasl ad-dirāsī at-tānī. Wizārat at-Tarbiya wa-at-Taʿlīm, 2015.
  • Wolny, Edyta. ”Kształtowanie postaw obywatelskich poprzez ukazywanie koegzystencji muzułmanów i chrześcijan w Egipcie” [Shaping civil attitudes through showing coexistence between Muslims and Christians in Egypt]. Świat arabski w języku, literaturze i kulturze [The Arab World in language, literature and culture], ed. by M. Kubarek, M. Lewicka, Wydawnictwo Adam Marszałek, 2018, p. 90–103.
  • Wolny, Edyta. ”Nauczanie kultury osobistej w ramach nauczania religii muzułmańskiej w rządowych szkołach podstawowych we współczesnym Egipcie” [The teaching of good manners as a part of Islamic education in government primary schools in contemporary Egypt]. Między ekskluzją a inkluzją w edukacji religijnej [Between exclusion and inclusion in religious education], ed. by M. Humeniuk, I. Paszenda, Instytut Pedagogiki Uniwersytetu Wrocławskiego, 2017, p. 276–287.
  • Wolny-Abouelwafa, Edyta. Islam and Civic Education in Egypt. Analysis of Textbooks for Islamic Upbringing. Institute of Mediterranean and Oriental Cultures Polish Academy of Sciences, 2020.
  • Wolny-Abouelwafa, Edyta. The Content of Egyptian Textbooks for Islamic Education in Primary Schools. “Hemispheres. Studies on Cultures and Societies” vol. 34, 2019, p. 41–54.

Document Type

Publication order reference

YADDA identifier

bwmeta1.element.desklight-9384f928-84f8-472f-84ce-3252647184a7
JavaScript is turned off in your web browser. Turn it on to take full advantage of this site, then refresh the page.