Methods of Measuring the Skills Mismatch in the Human Capital Study

• Authors: Kocór Marcin , Czarnik Szymon , Worek Barbara , Micek Dorota , Jelonek Magdalena , Prokopowicz Piotr , Górniak Jarosław , Szczucka Anna
• Languages of publication: EN

Abstracts

EN

The analysis of the labour market in terms of available skills, and especially the skills mismatch, has become increasingly important due to potential problems caused by existing asymmetries. Prior to 2010, when data collection for the Human Capital Study was launched, there were no such analytical tools in use in Poland. On the basis of various solutions, we proposed an innovative approach to measuring both skills and skills mismatches, which since has gained wide recognition. In the article, we present this approach along with its extension to measure specific professional skills in specific industries. We discuss its advantages and disadvantages and compare it with other approaches used in this field.

Keywords

EN

human capital; skills mismatch; skills measurement

• Publisher: Institute of Philosophy and Sociology, Polish Academy of Sciences
• Journal: ASK. Research and Methods
• Year: 2021
• Volume: 30
• Issue: 1
• Pages: 105-123

Contributors

author

Kocór Marcin

author

Czarnik Szymon

author

Worek Barbara

author

Micek Dorota

author

Jelonek Magdalena

author

Prokopowicz Piotr

author

Górniak Jarosław

author

Szczucka Anna

References

• Allen, Jim, Mark Levels, and Rolf van der Velden. 2013. Skill mismatch and use in developed countries: evidence from the PIAAC study. Maastricht: Research Centre for Education and the Labour Market, ROA (RM/13/061).
• Allen, Jim, and Rolf van der Velden. 2001. “Educational mismatches versus skill mismatches: effects on wages, job satisfaction, and on-the-job search.” Oxford Economic Papers 53(3): 434–452. https://www.jstor.org/stable/3488627. https://doi.org/10.1093/oep/53.3.434
• Badillo–Amador, Lourdes, and Luis E. Vila. 2013. “Education and skill mismatches: wage and job satisfaction consequences.” International Journal of Manpower 34(5): 416–428. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJM-05-2013-0116
• Becker, Gary S. 1993. “Human Capital: A Theoretical and Empirical Analysis, with Special Reference to Education.” The Economic Journal (Issue 3). https://doi.org/10.1177/000271626536000153
• CEDEFOP. 2015. Matching skills and jobs in Europe Insights from Cedefop’s European skills and jobs survey fnding a job.
• Chevalier, Arnaud. 2003. “Measuring over-education.” Economica 70(279): 509–531. https://doi.org/10.1111/1468-0335.t01-1-00296
• Chłoń-Domińczak, Agnieszka, and Andrzej Żurawski. 2017. “Measuring skills mismatches revisited – introducing sectoral approach.” (No. 3). https://ibs.org.pl/app/uploads/2017/04/IBS_WP_03_2017.pdf
• Communication from the Commission to the European Parliament, the Council, the European Economic and Social Committee and the Committee of the Regions: A new skills agenda for Europe, Com/2016/0381 (2016).
• Czarnik, Szymon, and Marcin Kocór. 2015. „Zawody i kompetencje – konfrontacja popytu z podażą.” Pp. 19–38 in (Nie)wykorzystany potencjał. Szanse i bariery na polskim rynku pracy edited by J. Górniak. Warszawa: Polska Agencja Rozwoju Przedsiębiorczości.
• Czarnik, Szymon, Anna Strzebońska, Dariusz Szklarczyk, and Karolina Keler. 2011. Polki i Polacy na rynku pracy. Raport z badań ludności w wieku produkcyjnym realizowanych w 2010 r. w ramach projektu „Bilans Kapitału Ludzkiego”. Warszawa: Polska Agencja Rozwoju Przedsiębiorczości.
• de Grip, Andries, Hans Bosma, Dick Willems, and Martin van Boxtel. 2008. “Jobworker mismatch and cognitive decline.” Oxford Economic Papers 60(2): 237–253. https://www.jstor.org/stable/25167687. https://doi.org/10.1093/oep/gpm023
• Desjardins, Richard, and Kjell Rubenson. 2011. An Analysis of Skill Mismatch Using Direct Measures of Skills. In OECD Education Working Papers No. 63, OECD Education Working Papers.
• di Pietro, Giorgio, and Peter Urwin. 2006. “Education and skills mismatch in the Italian graduate labour market.” Applied Economics 38(1): 79–93. https://doi.org/10.1080/00036840500215303.
• Dooley, David. 2003. “Unemployment, underemployment, and mental health: Conceptualising employment status as a continuum.” American Journal of Community Psychology 32(1/2): 9–20. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1025634504740
• Dupuy, Arnaud, and Andries de Grip. 2002. “Do Large Firms Have More Opportunities to Substitute Labour Than Small Firms?” CLS Working paper 02-01. https://ssrn.com/abstract=325220.
• European Commision. (2016). Key policy messages from the Peer Review on “Human Capital in Poland-labour market research project for 2016-2023.” https://ec.europa.eu/social/main.jsp?catId=1070andlangId=enandnewsId=2567andfurtherNews=yes.
• Finegold, David, and David Soskice. 1988. “The Failure of Training in Britain: Analysis and Prescription.” Oxford Review of Economic Policy 4(3): 21–53. https://doi.org/10.1093/oxrep/4.3.21
• Flisi, Sara, Valentina Goglio, Elena C. Meroni, Margarida Rodrigues, and Esperanza Vera-Toscano. 2017. “Measuring Occupational Mismatch: Overeducation and Overskill in Europe—Evidence from PIAAC.” Social Indicators Research 131(3): 1211–1249. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11205-016-1292-7.
• Frank, Robert H. 1978. “Why Women Earn Less: The Theory and Estimation of Differential Overqualifcation.” American Economic Review 68(3): 360–373.
• Freeman, Richard, B. (1976). The overeducated American. Harvard: Academic Press.
• Green, Francis, and Stephen McIntosh. 2007. “Is there a genuine under-utilization of skills amongst the over-qualifed?” Applied Economics 39(4): 427–439. https://doi.org/10.1080/00036840500427700.
• Groot, Wim and Henriette Maassen van den Brink. 2000. “Overeducation in the labour market: a meta-analysis.” Economics of Education Review 9: 149–158. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0272-7757(99)00057-6.
• Haskel, Jonathan, and Christopher Martin. 1993. “Do skill shortages reduce productivity? Theory and evidence from the United Kingdom.” The Economic Journal 103(417): 386–394. https://doi.org/10.2307/2234777.
• Haskel, Jonathan, and Christopher Martin. 1996. “Skill shortages, productivity growth and wage inflation.” Pp. 147-174 in Acquiring skills: market failures: their symptoms and policy responses edited by A. L. Booth and D. J. Snower. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511582332.009
• Kiersztyn, Anna. 2011. „Racjonalne inwestycje czy złudne nadzieje: nadwyżka wykształcenia na polskim rynku pracy.” Polityka Społeczna 1(442), 7–14.
• Kiersztyn, Anna. 2013. “Stuck in a mismatch? The persistence of overeducation during twenty years of the post-communist transition in Poland.” Economics of Education Review 32(1): 78–91. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.econedurev.2012.09.009.
• King, Maryon F., and Gordon C. Bruner. 2000. “Social Desirability Bias: A Neglected Aspect of Validity Testing.” Psychology and Marketing 17(2): 79–103. https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1520-6793(200002)17:2%3C79::AID-MAR2%3E3.0.CO;2-0.
• Kocór, Marcin. 2019. Nadwyżka czy defcyt kompetencji? Przyczyny i konsekwencje niedopasowania na rynku pracy. Kraków: Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego.
• Kocór, Marcin, Jarosław Górniak, Piotr Prokopowicz, and Anna Szczucka. 2020. Zarządzanie kapitałem ludzkim w polskich frmach obraz tuż przed pandemią. Warszawa: Polska Agencja Rozwoju Przedsiębiorczości.
• Koniewski, Maciej, Krzysztof Kasparek, Szymon Czarnik, and Marcin Kocór. 2019. Am I Good with a Computer? Self-Descriptive vs Objective Measures of Computer Skills in the Labour Market Research in Poland. ESRA Conference in Zagreb.
• Krahn, Harvey, and Graham S. Lowe. 1998. Literacy utilization in Canadian workplaces. Ottawa: Statistics Canada and Human Resource Development Canada.
• Lewczuk, Beata. 2018. Program Wiedza Edukacja Rozwój 2014–2020.
• Mahy, Benoît, François Rycx, and Guillaume Vermeylen. 2015. “Educational Mismatch and Firm Productivity: Do Skills, Technology and Uncertainty Matter?” IZA Discussion papers (No. 8885; IZA Discussion Papers). https://docs.iza.org/dp8885.pdf. https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2578237
• Manpower. (2018). Solving the Talent Shortage.
• Mateos-Romero, Lucia, and Maria del Mar Salinas-Jiménez. 2017. “Skills Heterogeneity Among Graduate Workers: Real and Apparent Overeducation in the Spanish Labour Market.” Social Indicators Research 132(3): 1247–1264. https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2Fs11205-016-1338-x. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11205-016-1338-x
• McGuinness, Seamus. 2006. “Overeducation in the Labour Market.”Journal of Economic Surveys 20(3): 387–418. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.0950-0804.2006.00284.x.
• McGuinness, Seamus, and Jessica Bennett. 2006. “Examining the link between skill shortages, training composition and productivity levels in the construction industry: evidence from Northern Ireland.” The International Journal of Human Resource Management 17(2): 265–279. https://doi.org/10.1080/09585190500405538.
• McGuinness, Seamus, Konstantinos Pouliakas, and Paul Redmond. 2018. “Skills Mismatch: Concepts, Measurement and Policy Approaches.” Journal of Economic Surveys 32(4): 985–1015. https://doi.org/10.1111/joes.12254.
• Mincer, Jackob. 1975. “Education, Income, and Human Behavior.” Education, Income, and Human Behavior I, 71–94.
• Ministerstwo Edukacji Narodowej. (2019). Zintegrowana Strategia Umiejętności 2030 : (część ogólna). Ministerstwo Edukacji Narodowej.
• Ministerstwo Rozwoju. 2020. Strategia rozwoju kapitału ludzkiego 2030.
• Nickell, Stephen, and Daphne Nicolitsas. 2000. “Human capital investment and innovation: what are the connections?” Pp. 268–280. in Productivity, Innovation and Economic Performance. National institute of economic and social research economic and social studies edited by R. Barrell, G. Mason, and M. O’Mahoney. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
• OECD. (2019). OECD Skills Strategy 2019. Skills to Shape a Better Future. Paris: OECD Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1787/9789264313835-en.
• Oppenheim, Abraham, N. 2004. Kwestionariusze, wywiady, pomiary postaw. Poznań: Zysk i S-ka.
• Pellizzari, Michele, and Anne Fichen. 2013. A New Measure of Skills Mismatch: Theory and Evidence from the Survey of Adult Skills (PIAAC) (No. 153; OECD Social, Employment and Migration Working Papers).
• Sattinger, Michael. 2012. “Qualitative Mismatches.“ Foundations and Trends® in Microeconomics 8(1–2): 1–168. http://dx.doi.org/10.1561/0700000052. https://doi.org/10.1561/0700000052
• Schultz, Theodore W. 1961. “Investment in Human Capital.” American Economic Review 51(1): 1–17.
• Spence, Michael. 1973. ”Job Market Signaling.” The Quarterly Journal of Economics, 87(3): 355–374. https://doi.org/10.2307/1882010
• Strzebońska, Anna, and Maja Dobrzyńska. 2011. „Kompetencje jako przejaw kapitału ludzkiego.” Pp. 25–38 in Bilans Kapitału Ludzkiego w Polsce edited by PARP, Warszawa: Polska Agencja Rozwoju Przedsiębiorczości.
• Rynko, Maja, and Marta Palczyńska. 2014. ”Trzy dekady badań kompetencji informacyjnych.” Kultura Popularna 41(3): 18–30. https://doi.org/10.5604/16448340.1143366.
• Tsang, Mun C., Russell W. Rumberger, and Henry M. Levin. 1991. ”The Impact of Surplus Schooling on Worker Productivity.” Industrial Relations 30(2): 209–228. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-232X.1991.tb00786.x.