Problematyka badawcza i konserwatorska pomnika św. Trójcy w Bańskiej Szczawnicy

• Authors: Krause Janusz , Skibiński Sławomir , Urbanowski Michał , Wawrzeńczak Andrzej

Title variants

EN

RESEARCH AND CONSERVATION PROBLEMS CONCERNING THE MONUMENT OF HOLY TRINITY AT BANSKA STIAVNICA

• Languages of publication: PL EN

Abstracts

EN

The monument of Holy Trinity, referred to as the Morowy Pillar, is one of the most valuable monuments at Banska Stiavnica, the town regarded as a monument of national culture in Czechoslovakia. The monument occupies the central part of the Holy Trinity Square, called formerly the Upper Market. A monumental architectonic sculptural structure was erected in the years of 1759-64. It is thought that this is the work of an Italian sculptor, D. Stanetti. The conservation was based on a conservation programme prepared on the basis of a complex expertise done by Polish conservators. The programme paid attention to the conditions set forth by the Slovakians. On the basis of the condition and technological studies, the Slovakian Office for the Protection of Monuments and Nature decided to reconstruct in a synthetic stone all sculptures found on the monument, except for the group of Holy Trinity and St Mary’s statue. To execute nearly thirty copies of the sculpture in a synthetic stone including seven of them over 2 m in height, weighing in total nearly 10 tons, Polish conservators, who had taken up such a job for the first time, had to overcome a number of technological problems and to demonstrate exceptional accuracy and precision of work and artistic skill. Genuine sculptures (after which the copies were made) earmarked for a display in museums were subjected to restricted conservation procedure, consolidating the preserved condition. A stone architectonic composition of the monument as well as a group of Holy Trinity and the statue of St Mary raemining in situ were cleansed, desalted and missing parts were filled up. Moreover, it was subjected to hydrofobization, i.e. the protection of the surface against unfavourable effects of atmospheric falls. Original metal elements of the monument attributes, three big armorial cartouches as well as architectonic details put on stone columns and pilasters were subjected to conservation treatment. All copies of the sculptures made in a synthetic stone had metal attributes reconstructed. The majority of stone and metal architectonic details as well as attributes of sculptures show traces of repeated gildings. During the work small traces of the whitewash, the so-called polerwais, were found in deep cuts. Traces of the whitewash were also discovered on metal elements and on some elements of stone's architecture. The shaft of columns and pilasters as well as cornices and deep pores of rhyolite showed the remainings of thin dressing in grey and blue colouring. A work hypothesis on the original three-colour composition of the monument put forward on the basis of the above discoveries has been confirmed in the colouring of the model of the 17th century pillar preserved in the local museum. Due to the preservation of original colouring to a minimum degree only, the attempt to restore it would be a complete reconstruction changing its appearance. The discovery of original painters’ layers resulted in the restriction of full reconstruction of gildings, planned in the expertise. The planned colouring of the monument, worked out by Polish conservators, envisaged for the preservation of architectonic stone elements without any interference as to its colours, i.e. they were to be left in the condition they had at the turn of the 19th and 20th centuries. The reconstruction of gildings was to be limited to attributes of original sculptures on the monument, i.e. the group of Holy Trinity and St Mary. Attributes of the copies of the sculptures, copies of armorial cartouches and other metal elements of architectonic decor were left in the colour of patina copper harmonizing with the colouring of rhyolite architecture. The remaining gildings preserved in bigger parts on capitals of columns and pilasters were subjected to thorough conservation. Work on this monument, carried out in 4 years, represented still another contribution of Polish conservators in rescuing the world cultural heritage. The condition of the monument in five years after the completion of conservation proves the soundness of adopted conservation assumptions and a high quality of conservation procedure.

Keywords

PL

konserwacja pomnika św. Trójcy w Bańskiej Szczawnicy; pomnik św. Trójcy w Bańskiej Szczawnicy; Bańska Szczawnica na Słowacji; Słup Morowy; niszczenie kamienia; korozja skał; porowatość surowców skalnych; korozja porfiru riolitowego i andezytu; odsalanie kamienia; rekonstrukcja złoceń

• Publisher: Narodowy Instytut Dziedzictwa
• Journal: Ochrona Zabytków
• Year: 1988
• Issue: 1
• Pages: 21-34

Dates

published

1988

Contributors

author

Krause Janusz

• dr, Instytut Zabytkoznawstwo i Konserwatorstwa UMK w Toruniu

author

Skibiński Sławomir

• dr, Instytut Zabytkoznawstwo i Konserwatorstwa UMK w Toruniu

author

Urbanowski Michał

• mgr, PP PKZ — Oddział Henryków

author

Wawrzeńczak Andrzej

• mgr inż., PZ „Renopol" — Legnica

References

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Identifiers

ISSN

0029-8247