Sposoby rozumienia „kultury” przez prymatologów

• Authors: Mateusz Stępień

Title variants

EN

How Primatologists Understand “Culture”

• Languages of publication: PL

Abstracts

PL

Celem niniejszego artykułu jest rekonstrukcja i omówienie sposobów definiowania „kultury” przez prymatologów. Temat ten nie doczekał się opracowania nawet w obrębie samej prymatologii, nie mówiąc już o naukach społecznych, które powinny być zainteresowane dynamicznym rozwojem studiów nad „kulturą” u naczelnych innych niż człowiek. Niniejszy tekst wypełnia lukę w tym zakresie. Rozważania badaczy małp zostaną sprowadzone do czterech rozłącznych typologii, z których każda dotyczy innego aspektu proponowanych definicji „kultury”. Ich omówienie przybliży i uporządkuje to, jak prymatolodzy rozumieją „kulturę”. Umożliwi to również wskazanie dominującego w prymatologii ujęcia „kultury”, a także określenie kierunku zmian w tym zakresie. Jak zostanie pokazane, nie tylko niektórzy prymatolodzy dystansują się od mocnych tez „prymatologii kulturowej”, ale nawet wśród rzeczników tego podejścia nie ma jednego sposobu definiowania „kultury”.

EN

he aim of this article is to reconstruct and discuss the ways in which “culture” is defined in primatology. Surprisingly, this task has not yet been undertaken even within primatology, not to mention the social sciences, which should have a strong interest in new currents in studying the “cultures” of non-human primates. This paper fills an important gap in the literature on how primatologists understand “culture.” Primatologists’ approaches to “culture” are reduced to four separate typologies, each relating to a different aspect of the proposed definitions of “culture.” Discussing these typologies brings to light how primatologists understand “culture.” This also makes it possible to indicate the dominant view of “culture” in primatology and to point to directions of change. As will be shown, not only do certain primatologists distance themselves from the more far-reaching ideas of “cultural primatology” but even among representatives of this approach there is no one manner of defining “culture.”

Keywords

PL

kultura; naturalizacja nauk społecznych; prymatologia; natura i kultura; transmisyjne ujęcie kultury

EN

culture; naturalization of the social sciences; primatology; nature and culture; cultural transmission theory

• Publisher: Institute of Philosophy and Sociology, Polish Academy of Sciences
• Journal: Studia Socjologiczne
• Year: 2017
• Issue: 2(225)
• Pages: 23-44

Contributors

author

Mateusz Stępień

• Katedra Socjologii Prawa Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego, Pałac Larischa, Bracka 12, 30-001 Kraków

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