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2016 | 1(346) | 3-21

Article title

Regulacje środowiskowe i innowacje a konkurencyjność

Authors

Content

Title variants

EN
Environmental regulations and innovations versus competitiveness

Languages of publication

PL

Abstracts

PL
Regulacje środowiskowe wpływają na dobrobyt i zrównoważenie organizacji oraz gospodarstw domowych. Według tradycyjnego poglądu stanowią one dodatkowy, niepożądany koszt, który obniża konkurencyjność podmiotów gospodarczych i całych sektorów, chociaż mogą być one pożądane społecznie. Na problem powyższy spojrzeć można jednak inaczej, korzystając z koncepcji innowacji indukowanych J.R. Hicksa z 1932 roku, dalej rozwiniętej przez M.M. Portera i zaprezentowanej w 1991 roku, nazwanej później hipotezą Portera. Orzeka ona, że firma poddana ostrzejszym regulacjom środowiskowym bywa często zmuszana do wykorzystania prostych rezerw oraz do wdrożenia fundamentalnych innowacji technologicznych, organizacyjnych i produktowych, które w sumie mogą zrekompensować wzrost kosztów przestrzegania zaostrzonej polityki środowiskowej. W konsekwencji jej konkurencyjność nie musi wcale się obniżyć, a niekiedy może wręcz wzrosnąć. Hipoteza Portera została już solidnie podbudowana od strony teoretycznej, ale weryfikacja empiryczna jej prawdziwości wciąż nie jest rozstrzygnięta. Ogólnie dziś przyjmuje się, że sprawdza się ona w pełni (czyli w tzw. wersji mocnej) tylko w niektórych, dosyć rygorystycznych sytuacjach. Wniosek taki, co udowodniono w artykule, odnosi się także do sektora żywnościowego, a w tym również do rolnictwa.
EN
Environmental regulations influence the prosperity and sustainability of organisations and households. According to the traditional belief, they constitute an additional, unwanted cost which lowers competiveness of economic operators and the entire sectors, although they might be socially desirable. The issue can be, however, approached from a different perspective, namely from the viewpoint of the induced innovation theory – authored by J.R. Hicks in 1932, later developed and presented in 1991 by M.M. Porter, later known as Porter hypothesis. It states that a company affected by more stringent environmental regulations is often forced to use simple reserves and to implement fundamental technological, organizational and product innovations, which can, all in all, offset the higher costs of adhering to the more severe environmental policy. Consequently, its competitiveness does not have to drop, sometimes it can even grow. Porter hypothesis already has strong theoretical grounds, but empirical verification of its accuracy is still an open issue. In general, today it is assumed that it is completely true (it checks out in the so-called strong version), only in some, rather restrictive conditions. This conclusion – as evidenced in the paper – is also applicable to the food sector, including agriculture.

Contributors

author
  • Instytut Ekonomiki Rolnictwa i Gospodarki Żywnościowej - PIB, ul. Świętokrzyska 20, 00-002 Warszawa, Poland

References

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Document Type

Publication order reference

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YADDA identifier

bwmeta1.element.desklight-ac6a1e8c-c0e4-4c92-ae75-c8c24bca05bc
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