Zmiany wyglądu punktowań w malarstwie sztalugowym : bielenie powodowane przez niektóre białe pigmenty

• Authors: Szmit-Naud Elżbieta

Title variants

EN

Changes in the Appearance of Dotting in Easel Painting — Milkiness Caused by Certain White Pigments

• Languages of publication: EN PL

Abstracts

EN

The milkiness of retouched blank spaces in easel painting constitutes a highly visible and relatively frequently observed change, which disturbs the aesthetic reception of a given work. In many cases, responsibility for its appearance should be placed on white pigments with photocatalytic properties, used for retouching. The author examined more than ten cases of milkiness by resorting to fluorescence and X-ray diffraction. The findings point to the presence of photoactive pigments: zinc white — zinc oxide, and titanium white — anatase titanium dioxide. Some of the registered changes came into being in the course of merely several years. Suitable information about the pigment composition of material used for retouching could enable conservators to limit the risk of causing future changes consisting of milkiness. With this purpose in mind, the analysis encompassed up to twenty white paints and pigments applied in conservation retouches. Many of them, due to their pigment composition, could produce changes that assume the form of milkiness and chalking.

Keywords

PL

retusze konserwatorskie; punktowanie; retusz; białe pigmenty; kredowanie; konserwacja malarstwa; biel tytanowa; biel cynkowa

• Publisher: Narodowy Instytut Dziedzictwa
• Journal: Ochrona Zabytków
• Year: 2000
• Issue: 1
• Pages: 69-76

Dates

published

2000

Contributors

author

Szmit-Naud Elżbieta

References

• R. Feller, Problems in Retouching: Chalking o f Intermediate Layers, „Bulletin of American Group IIC” 1966, t. 7, nr 1, s. 32-34.;
• B. Marconi, Chalking or Fading o f Retouches. Whitish Appearance on Flesh Parts, ICOM, Brussels 1967.
• H. G. Voltz, G. Kampf, H. G. Fitzky, A. Klaeren, The Chemical Nature o f Chalking in the Presence o f Titanium Dioxide Pigments, (w:) Photodegradation o f Coatings, ed. S. P. Pappas, F. H. Winslow, Advances in Chemistry, Series 151, Washington 1981, s. 163-182;
• J. Ciabach, Badania dotyczące starzenia i stabilizacji wspołczesnych werniksow malarskich, Toruń 1994, s. 35.
• P. M. Whitmore, С. Bailie, Studies on the Photochemical Stability o f Synthetic Resin-Based Retouching Paints: the Effects o f White Pigments and Extenders, (w:) IIC Preprints o f the Contributions to the Brussels Congress, 1990, Cleaning, Retouching and Coatings, Brussels 1990, s. 144-149.
• H. Kuhn, Zinc White, (w:) Artists’ Pigments. A Handbook o f their History and Characteristics, t. 1, New York-Oxford 1986, s. 172, 174;
• M. Laver, Titanium Dioxide Whites, tamże, t. 3, 1997, s. 314.
• E. Szmit-Naud, Problem zbieleń w obrębie retuszowanych partii obrazow, (w:) Od badań do konserwacji, Toruń 1998 (materiały z konferencji złożone do druku na UMK).
• T. Caley, Drained Watercolour as a Retouching Medium, (w:) The Picture Restorer, Spring 1997, s. 7.
• N. S. Allen, Action o f Light on Dyed and Pigmented Polymers, (w:) Polymers in Conservation, Manchester 1992, s. 203.

Identifiers

ISSN

0029-8247