Unmanned aerial vehicles and their growing role in shaping military doctrine

• Authors: Bernant Paweł
• Languages of publication: EN

Abstracts

EN

The goal of the paper is to present growing influence of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) on the shape of military doctrine. Author, in the first part of article, presents terminology and classifications of the UAVs, as well as, the main criteria of the classification which are: thrust, purpose, weight, and range/endurance. The second part of the article is dedicated to military technology. In that part of the article, author presents possible kind of utilization of the UAVs, presenting in the more details military drones. In description of the drones is also part of initial conclusions addressing to the challenges new doctrine and battlefield strategy. In the conclusion author presents the expecting changes in a military doctrine, caused by employing of a new military technology, a specially the new kind of drones on the battle field.

Keywords

EN

Unmanned aerial vehicle; Drone; Tactics; Military doctrine

• Publisher: Wydawnictwo Naukowe Akademii WSB
• Journal: Security Forum
• Year: 2018
• Volume: 2
• Issue: Volume 2 No 1/2018
• Pages: 77-90

Contributors

author

Bernant Paweł

References

• Bhardwaj, Vivek, IAI Harop/IAI Harpy 2, Attack UCAV, Drone, Indian Army, Aermech, [in:] All about Armed Forces (16.12.2015). Retrieved from: http://aermech.in/iai-haropiai-harpy-2-attack-ucavdroneindian-army/ (02.0.2017).
• Bồng, Kim, Việt Nam nęn tham khảo “UAV sát thủ” Rotem L của Israel? (07.06.2016). Kienthuc. Retrieved from: http://kienthuc.net.vn/quan-su-viet-nam/viet-nam-nentham-khao-uav-sat-thu-rotem-l-cua-israel-693083.html (01.06.2017).
• Chapman, Andrew, Types of Drones: Multi-Rotor vs Fixed-Wing vs Single Rotor vs Hybrid VTOL, Australian UAV. Retrieved from: https://www.auav.com.au/articles/drone-types/ (12.05.2017).
• Chaput, Armand J. et al, Defense Technical Information Center Compilation Part Notice for CAS, Lockheed Martin Tactical Aircraft Systems. Retrieved from: http://www.dtic.mil/dtic/tr/fulltext/u2/p010339.pdf (10.05.2017).
• Classification of the Unmanned Aerial Systems, GEOG 892 course: Geospatial Applications of Unmanned Aerial Systems (UAS), PennState College of Earth and Mineral Sciences. Retrieved from: https://www.e-education.psu.edu/geog892/node/3 (16.05.2017).
• Drone, Cambridge Dictionary. Retrieved from: http://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/english/drone (02.05.2017).
• Drone, Merriam-Webster Dictionary. Retrieved from: https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/drone (02.05.2017).
• E-310 Short-Range Unmanned Air System (UAS), Poland, airforce-technology.com. Retrieved from: http://www.airforce-technology.com/projects/e-310-short-rangeunmanned-air-system-uas/ (28.05.2017).
• Eshel, Tamir, IAI’s ROTEM – Tactical Multirotor Killer Drone. Defence Update. Retrieved from: http://defense-update.com/20160216_rotem.html (13.05.2017).
• Free Press Agency (26.12.2015). Retrieved from: https://fpa2000.wordpress.com/2015/12/26/cinque-spy-droni-a-sigonella-quando-luomo-e-aiutato-dal-robot/ (01.06.2017).
• Gilli, Andrea, Drones for Europe, European Union Institute for Security Studies 29, September 2013. Retrieved from: http://www.iss.europa.eu /uploads/media/Brief_29.pdf (16.05.2017).
• Global Hawk, Northrop Grumman. Retrieved from: http://www.northropgrumman.com/Capabilities/GlobalHawk/Pages/default.aspx (04.06.2017).
• Guilmartin, John F., Unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV): Military Aircraft, Encyclopaedia Britannica. Retrieved from: https://www.britannica.com/technology/unmannedaerial-vehicle (01.06.2017).
• Harop, GlobalSecurity.org. Retrieved from: http://www.globalsecurity.org/military/world/israel/harop.htm (02.06.2017).
• Harpy, www.Israeli-Weapons.com LTD. Retrieved from: http://www.israeli-weapons.com/weapons/aircraft/uav/harpy/HARPY.html (02.06.2017).
• International Human Rights and Conflict Resolution Clinic (Stanford Law School) and Global Justice Clinic (NYU School of Law), Living Under Drones: Death, Injury, and Trauma to Civilians from US Drone Practices in Pakistan (September 2012). Retrieved from: http://livingunderdrones.org (12.05.2017).
• Jihadi John: US ‘Reasonably Certain’ Strike Killed IS Militant, BBC News (13.11.2015). Retrieved from: http://www.bbc.com/news/uk-34805924 (03.06.2017).
• Joint Air Power Competence Centre, Strategic Concept of Employment for Unmanned Aircraft Systems in NATO, Jan 4, 2010. Retrieved from: http://www.japcc.org/wp-content/uploads/UAS_CONEMP.pdf (12.05.2017).
• Kakeas, Konstantin, The UN’s Drones and Congo’s War, in: Drones and Aerial Observation: New Technologies for Property Rights, Human Rights, and Global Development: A Primer, New America (July 2015). Retrieved from: http://drones.newamerica.org/primer/DronesAndAerialObservation.pdf (12.05.2017).
• Levin, Tim, How Loud Is Your Drone? – The Drone Noise Test of P2, P3P, P4P, 12 ... WeTalkUAV, February 18, 2017. Retrieved from: http://www.wetalkuav.com/dji-drone-noise-test/ (12.05.2017).
• Lomberg, Jason, New Jet-Powered UAV is the Future of Asymmetrical Warfare, ECN (05.03.2014). Retrieved from: https://www.ecnmag.com/blog/2014/03/newjet-powered-uav-future-asymmetricalwarfare (03.06.2017).
• Mini helicopter drone for UK troops in Afghanistan, BBC News (03.02.2013). Retrieved from: http://www.bbc.com/news/uk-21313323 (01.06.2017).
• Monroe Conner, NASA Armstrong Fact Sheet: Global Hawk High-altitude, longendurance science aircraft, NASA, 06.08.2015. Retrieved from: https://www.nasa.gov/centers/armstrong/news/FactSheets/FS-098-DFRC.html (04.06.2017).
• MQ-9 Reaper, U.S. Air Force. Retrieved from: http://www.af.mil/About-Us/Fact-Sheets/Display/Ar ticle/104470/mq-9 -reaper/ (02.06.2017).
• Northrop Grumman, Firebird: Persistent Multiple Intelligence, Surveillance and Reconnaissance. San Diego: Marcom, 2017. Retrieved from: http://www.northropgrumman.com/Capabilities/Firebird/Documents/data_sheet_Firebird.pdf (12.05.2017.)
• Oestergaard Balle, Joakim Kasper, About the Predator and Reaper, Aeroweb (27.07.2016). Retrieved from: http://www.fi-aeroweb.com/Defense/MQ-1-Predator-MQ-9-Reaper.html (02.06.2017).
• Orbiter, www.Israeli-Weapons.com LTD. Retrieved from: http://www.israeli-weapons.com/weapons/aircraft/uav/orbiter/Orbiter.html (28.05.2017).
• PD-100 Black Hornet PRS, FLIR: Unmanned Aerial Systems. Retrieved from: http://www.proxdynamics.com/products/pd-100-black-hornet-prs (21. 05.2017).
• Raffetto, Mark, Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Contributions to Intelligence, Surveillance, and Reconnaissance Missions for Expeditionary Operations, Naval Postgraduate School, Monterey, 2004. Retrieved from: http://www.dtic.mil/dtic/tr/fulltext/u2/a427707.pdf (07.05.2017).
• Rogers, Ann and John Hill, Unmanned: Drone Warfare and Global Security, Toronto: Between the Lines, 2014.
• Rogers, Ann, and John Hill, Unmanned: Drone Warfare and Global Security, London: Pluto Press, 2014.
• Ross, Alice, Erased US Data Shows 1 in 4 Missiles in Afghan Airstrikes Now Fired by Drone, The Bureau of Investigative Journalism (12.03.2013). Retrieved from: https://www.thebureauinvestigates.com/stories/2013-03-12/erased-us-datashows-1-in-4-missiles-in-afghan-airstrikes-now-fired-by-drone (01.06.2017).
• ROTEM L. Israel Aerospace Industries. Retrieved from: http://www.iai.co.il/2013/36694-46735-en/Business_Areas_Land.aspx (13.05.2017).
• ROTEM L: Multi-Rotor Loitering Munition for Ground Forces. Israel Aerospace Industries, MBT Missiles Division. Retrieved from: http://www.iai.co.il/Sip _Storage/FILES/3/41653.pdf (13.05.2017).
• Rouse, Margaret, Drone, TechTarget. Retrieved from: http://internetofthingsagenda.techtarget.com/definition/drone (02.05.2017).
• RQ-11 Raven Unmanned Aerial Vehicle, United States of America, army-technology.com. Retrieved from: http://www.army-technology.com/projects/rq11-raven/ (10.05.2017).
• RQ-11B Raven, U.S. Air Force. Published: October 31, 2007. Retrieved from: http://www.af.mil/Abo ut-Us/Fact-Sheets /Display/Article/104533/rq-11b-raven/ (10.05.2017).
• RQ-4 Block 30 Global Hawk, Northrop Grumman Systems Corporations, San Diego: Marcom, 2016. Retrieved from: http://www.northropgrumman.com/Capabilities/GlobalHawk/Documents/GH_Brochure_B30.pdf (21.05.2017).
• RQ-4 Global Hawk, U.S. Air Force (27.10.2014). Retrieved from: http://www.af.mil/About-Us/Fact-Sheets/Display/Article/104516/rq-4-global-hawk/ (04.06.2017).
• Santos, Miguel, The Coming Age of the Military Micro-Drone, Futurism (02.02.2016).Retrieved from: https://futurism.com/the-coming-age-of-the-micro-drone/ (01.06.2017); Andrew Tarantola, Black Hornet: The $195,000 Spy Plane That Fits in the Palm of Your Hand. Gizmodo (06.02.2013). Retrieved from: http://gizmodo.com/5981975/black-hornet-the-195000-spy-plane-that-fits-in-the-palmof-your-hand (01.06.2017).
• Selex ES Falco. Specifications. A Photo,Avia.Pro. Retrieved from: http://en.avia.pro/blog/selex-es-falco-tehnicheskieharakteristiki-foto (04.06.2017).
• Serle, Jack, and Jessica Purkiss, Drone Wars: Full Data, The Bureau of Investigative Journalism (01.01.2017). Retrieved from: https://www.thebureauinvestigates.com/stories/2017-01-01/drone-wars-thefull-data (01.06.2017).
• Shadow v2, Textron Systems. Retrieved from: http://www.textronsystems.com/what-we-do/unmanned-systems/shadow-family (28.05.2017).
• Tarantola, Andrew, Black Hornet: The $195,000 Spy Plane That Fits in the Palm of Your Hand. Gizmodo (06.02.2013). Retrieved from: http://gizmodo.com/5981975/black-hornet-the-195000-spy-plane-that-fits-in-the-palm-of-your-hand (01.06.2017).
• Trevithick, Joseph, America Is Still Training Ukrainian Troops to Fly a Drone They Have, The Warzone (04.04.2017), Retrieved from: http://www.thedrive.com/the-war-zone/8921/america-is-still-training-ukrainian-troops-to-fly-a-drone-theyhate (01.06.2017).
• U.N. Surveillance Drone Crashes In Congo, Airport Sources Report, Huffington Post (17.03.2014). Retrieved from: http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2014/01/15/un-drone-crash-congo_n_4600685.html (01.06.2017)
• Villasenor, John, What Is a Drone, Anyway?, Scientific American, April 12, 2012. Retrieved from: https://blogs.scientificamerican.com/guest-blog/what-is-adrone-anyway/ (11.05.2017).
• Why Soldiers Hate the Raven UAV, Military.com (29.05.2012). Retrieved from: http://www.military.com/video/aircraft/pilotless-aircraft/why-soldiers-hate-theraven-uav/1661802396001 (01.06.2017).
• Wilson, J.R., Hunter-Killer UAVs to swarm battlefields, Military and Aerospace Electronics, July 1, 20017. Retrieved from: http://www.militaryaerospace.com/articles/print/volume-18/issue-7/electro-optics-supplement/features/hunterkiller-uavs-to-swarm-battlefields.html (12.05.2017).

Identifiers

DOI

10.26410/ sF_1/18/7