Of ‘Bodies’ and Related Names in the History of English Semantics: Semantic Dynamics vs. Semantic Boundedness

• Authors: Dekeyser Xavier
• Languages of publication: EN

Abstracts

EN

This paper deals with the names for both living and dead bodies, more particularly OE lic and lichama, OE bodig and finally ME corpse. The main focus will be on the contrast between semantic dynamics and boundedness, together with what we refer to as semantic redeployment. Body proves to be a very dynamic lexeme. In addition, it also contributed to the system of grammaticalized quantifier pronouns. This is in sharp contrast with the boundedness of lic and lichama, which gradually got lost in the course of ME. Initially, the loan lexeme corpse seemed to follow the semantic paradigm of body. However, in present-day English it has only preserved its prototypical meaning of dead body. Interestingly, my data suggest that words related to ‘death’ do not tend to give rise to any metonymical or metaphorical developments. The eventual result of these lexico-semantic changes is a far-reaching redeployment in Modern English in terms of a binary contrast between two lexical items: polysemous body, with a vast array of mostly metaphorical meanings, and monosemous corpse.

Keywords

EN

historical semantics; body; corpse; dynamic lexeme; dynamics; boundedness

• Publisher: Institute of English Studies, University of Warsaw
• Journal: Anglica. An International Journal of English Studies
• Year: 2015
• Issue: 24/2
• Pages: 63-78

Contributors

author

Dekeyser Xavier

• Universiteit van Antwerpen
• KU Leuven

References

• DOE: The dictionary of Old English A-G (CD-RO M version). 2012. Toronto Pontificate Institute of Medieval Studies.
• MED: Mc Sparren, Frances et al., eds. 2006. Middle English Dictionary Online. Ann Arbor: Humanities Text Initiative – University of Michigan.
• OED: Murray, J. A. H. et al., eds. 1989. The Oxford English Dictionary Online (2nd edition). Oxford: Clarendon.
• Hopper, P., and E. C. Traugott. 1993. Grammaticalization. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
• Molencki, R. 2009. “The Grammaticalization of body in Middle English.” Kwartalnik Neofilologiczny 46.3: 247–260.
• Taylor, J. 1997. Linguistic Categorization: Prototypes in Linguistics (2nd edition). Oxford: Clarendon Press.