Within the social sciences, some ways of understanding the concept of representation are particularly important. In my article I have chosen three of them: representation understood as a substitute (of the thing, of the fact, of the event); representation understood as the real presence of the absent; representation understood as the image of reality. Representation understood as a substitute of the absent can be analysed in relation to the problem of memory. Representation as the real presence of the absent introduces the problem of the objectivity of knowledge. Representation as the image of reality is closely associated with the problem of the narrative.