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2019 | 67 | 11: Anglica | 7-16

Article title

Cirencester’s Ancient Name: Corinium or Carinium?

Title variants

PL
Starożytna nazwa Cirencester: Corinium czy Carinium?

Languages of publication

EN

Abstracts

EN
Cirencester, some fifty kilometres west of Oxford, is an English town on the site of a Roman city. Even though its original name (after Ptolemy in the second century CE) was supposedly Corinium, giving the Ciren- of Cirencester, this has never had a satisfying etymology. However, Welsh câr ‘friend’ or Irish cara ‘friend’ may now permit emendation of Corinium to Carinium ‘place of Carinos,’ a personal form known elsewhere. It means ‘little beloved one, little friend’ and is compatible with development to Ciren-. If so, the mystery surrounding Cirencester, capital of the Dobunni, will be solved. The first Carinium would be the nearby Iron Age citadel of Bagendon Dykes. When the Romans occupied the area, they founded a city five kilometres away, transferring local people to it and applying the name of the old settlement to the new one, as elsewhere in Britain (Colchester, St Albans, Wroxeter). Modern Cirencester will thus (it seems) be called after Carinus or Carinos, an otherwise unknown Briton who occupied land at Bagendon some two millennia ago.
PL
Cirencester, leżące około pięćdziesięciu kilometrów ma zachód od Oksfordu, jest angielską miejscowością w miejscu rzymskiego miasta. I chociaż jego pierwotną nazwą było ponoć Corinium (stąd Ciren- w Cirencester), nie było to nigdy satysfakcjonującą etymologią. Walijskie câr i irlandzkie cara (‘przyjaciel’) pozwala na korektę Corinium do Carinium (‘miejsce Carinosa’), oznaczającego ‘miejsce umiłowanego małego przyjaciela’ i spójnego w rozwoju z Ciren-. Tajemnica otaczająca Cirencester, stolicę Dobunni, wydaje się zatem rozwiązana. Za pierwsze Carinium uznać można pobliską cytadelę Bagendon Dykes. Kiedy Rzymianie okupowali ten rejon, założyli pięć kilometrów dalej miasto, przenosząc tam lokalną ludność i zachowując nazwę starej osady (jak miało to miejsce w innych częściach Brytanii, takich jak Colchester, St Albans, Wroxeter). Wydaje się więc, że nazwę swą współczesne Cirencester zawdzięcza Carinusowi albo Carinosowi, nieznanemu Brytonowi, który okupował Bagedon około dwóch tysięcy lat temu.

Year

Volume

67

Issue

Pages

7-16

Physical description

Contributors

  • University of Navarra

References

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Document Type

Publication order reference

Identifiers

YADDA identifier

bwmeta1.element.desklight-e87f2e4f-3ae7-4296-bdcf-35fc240914b9
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