Rola służb specjalnych w konflikcie turecko-kurdyjskim

• Authors: Sienkiewicz-Kaya Hanna

Title variants

EN

THE ROLE OF SECRET SERVICES IN THE TURKISH-KURDISH CONFLICT

• Languages of publication: PL EN

Abstracts

PL

Kurdowie stanowią największą mniejszość etniczną na całym Bliskim Wschodzie, zamieszkują teren północnego Iraku, Syrii, Iranu, ale przede wszystkim Turcji. Jako naród, Kurdowie na tych terenach od lat doświadczali niesprawiedliwości i nietolerancji, a kolejne rządy dążyły do anihilacji ich kultury i tożsamości. Konflikt turecko-kurdyjski pogłębił się w 2. połowie XX w. - w tym czasiemiały miejsce przewroty, stan wojenny, zamachy, zginęło ponad 40 000 ludzi po obu stronach, z których żadna nie nosiła sie z zamiarem ustąpienia. Konflikt w Turcji był wykorzystywany przez inne kraje do osiągnięcia swoich celów i powiększenia strefy wpływów, chętnie więc interesowały sie nim obce wywiady, nie tylko z krajów sąsiednich, często służąc wsparciem i pomocą Kurdom, zapewniając im broń lub schronienie, wspierając ich aspiracje do utworzenia własnego kraju, w zamian zdobywając sojusznika na terenie wroga lub zbierając cenne informacje. Położenie geopolityczne Turcji sprawia, że jej znaczenie nie może być niedoceniane, a zinteresowania nią i Kurdami przez służby specjalne utrzymuje się na najwyższym poziomie, bowiem na tym terenie mają miejsce zmiany kształtujące istotnie bądź nie pokoju i to nie tylko Bliskiego Wschodu.

EN

Kurds constitute the largest ethnic minority in the whole Middle East, inhabiting the area of Northern Iraq, Syria, Iran, but most of all, Turkey. As a nation, Kurds have for many years suffered on these lands injustice and intolerance, and the subsequent governments aimed at the annihilation of their culture and identity. The Turkish-Kurdish conflict deepened in the second half of the XX century, in the period of revolutions, martial law and coups. More than 40,000 people died on both sides, none of which intended to concede. The conflict in Turkey has been used by other countries to attain their own goals and enlarge their sphere of influence. It has aroused the interest of foreign intelligence services, not only from neighbouring countries, frequently offering support and assistance to Kurds, providing weapons or shelter, backing their aspirations to having their own state, in return gaining an ally on the enemy territory or collecting invaluable information. The geopolitical situation of Turkey makes it impossible to underestimate its significance. This country and Kurds remain the focus of attention for secret services, since it is in this area that the changes take place which shape the future peace or its lack, not only in the Middle East.

Keywords

PL

Kurdowie; Turcja; kwestia kurdyjsko-turecka; PKK; wywiad; NSA; CIA; MIT; wywiad rosyjski; wywiad irański; Mossad; wywiad niemiecki

EN

Kurds; Turkey; Kurdish-Turkish issue; PKK; intelligence; NSA; CIA; MIT; Russian intelligence; Iranian intelligence; Mossad; German intelligence

• Publisher: Instytut Nauk Społecznych i Bezpieczeństwa Uniwersytetu Przyrodniczo-Humanistycznego w Siedlcach / Oficyna Wydawnicza RYTM
• Journal: SECRETUM. Służby specjalne, bezpieczeństwo, informacja
• Year: 2015
• Issue: 1(2)
• Pages: 174 - 190

Contributors

author

Sienkiewicz-Kaya Hanna

• Uniwersytet Przyrodniczo-Humanistyczny w Siedlcach Wydział Humanistyczny

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Identifiers

ISSN

2391-9957