Is the Archipelago a Political Tool? The Role of the Falkland Islands Sovereignty Dispute in Argentine Policy During the Kirchner Era

• Authors: Lisińska Magdalena
• Languages of publication: EN

Abstracts

EN

The dispute over sovereignty in the Falkland Islands (called Islas Malvinas in the Spanishspeaking world) between Argentina and Great Britain has lasted for nearly two hundred years. The archipelago has been a British territory since 1833, when the crew of HMS ‘Clio’ forcibly took over the islands, which had previously belonged to Argentina. The Argentine people have never accepted this loss and have since been trying to reclaim the territory, with no further effect. The aim of this paper is to analyse the role of the Falkland Islands dispute in Argentine domestic and foreign policy during the presidencies of Néstor Kirchner (2003-2007) and Cristina Fernández de Kirchner (2007-2015). The thesis of this paper is that the Falklands became a crucial factor in shaping Argentine policy during the Kirchner era, not only on the international level, but also within the country.

Keywords

EN

Argentina; Falklands/Malvinas; Falkland’s War; Kirchner era; kirchnerism

• Publisher: Księgarnia Akademicka
• Journal: Ad Americam
• Year: 2016
• Issue: 17
• Pages: 119-134

Contributors

author

Lisińska Magdalena

References

• Benwell, Matthew C. Dodds, Klaus. “Argentine territorial nationalism revisited: The Malvinas/ Falklands dispute and geographies of everyday nationalism”. Political Geography 30, 2011: 441-449.
• Bologna, Alfredo Bruno. “El conflicto de Malvinas en la política exterior Argentina”. La política exterior del gobierno de Menem. Rosario: Ediciones CERIR, 1994: 359.
• Bullrich, Lucrecia. “Fútbol para Todos mejora la imagen de Cristina Kirchner”. La Nación 27 Jan. 2013.
• “Cameron on sovereignty of Falkland Islands”. BBC News 17 June 2011. Web. 6 Dec. 2015. http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-politics-13811354.
• Carroll, Rory. “Britain is militarising Falklands, Argentina tells UN”. The Guardian 10 Feb. 2012. Web. 6 Dec 2015. <http://www.theguardian.com/uk/2012/feb/10/falkland-islands-argentina-formal-protest-un>.
• Chehabi, Houchang E. “Self-Determination, Territorial Integrity, and the Falkland Islands”. Political Science Quarterly 100.2, 1985: 215-225.
• Colonna, Lucas. “Para la UE, las islas Malvinas son británicas”. La Nación 14 Dec. 2007. Web. 6 Dec 2015. <http://www.lanacion.com.ar/971021-para-la-ue-las-islas-malvinas-son-britanicas>.
• Collizzolli, Fernando. “Malvinas, una causa latinoamericana”. Portal del Sur 2 April 2015. Web. 6 Dec. 2015. <http://portaldelsur.info/2015/04/malvinas-una-causa-latinoamericana-2>.
• “Constitution of the Argentine Nation.” Senado de la Nación Argentina, n.d. Web. 5 Dec. 2015. <http://www.senado.gov.ar/deInteresEnglish>.
• “Discurso de asunción del Presidente Néstor Kirchner”. cfkargentina.com, 25 May 2007. Web. 5 Dec. 2015. <http://www.cfkargentina.com/discurso-de-asuncion-del-presidente-nestorkirchner-a-la-asamblea-legislativa-el-25-de-mayo-del-2003/>.
• “Decreto 256/2010 Poder Ejecutivo Nacional. Transporte Maritimo – Buques – Autorización Previa”. InfoLEG 17 Feb. 2010. Web. 6 Dec. 2015. <http://www.infoleg.gov.ar/infolegInternet/anexos/165000-169999/166464/norma.htm>.
• “Discurso de Néstor Kirchner a los veteranos de guerra de Malvinas”. cfkargentina.com, 5 Oct. 2004. Web. 5 Dec. 2015. <http://www.cfkargentina.com/discurso-de-nestorkirchner-a-los-veteranos-de-guerra-de-malvinas/>.
• Dodds, Klaus. “Stormy waters: Britain, the Falkland Islands and UK-Argentine relations”. International Affairs 88.4, 2012: 683-700.
• Duke, Vic. Crolley, Liz. “Fútbol, Politicians and the People: Populism and Politics in Argentina”. International Journal of the History of Sport 18.3, 2001: 93-116.
• Etchepareborda, Roberto. “La cuestión Malvinas en Perspectiva histórica (Historia de la controversia desde el siglo XVI hasta nuestros días)”. Revista de Historia de América 96, 1983: 27-67.
• “Falklands’ claim and sea access for Bolivia in the same package for Evo Morales”. MercoPress, 7 Aug. 2015. Web. 6 Dec. 2015. <http://en.mercopress.com/2015/08/07/falklands-claim-and-sea-access-for-bolivia-in-the-same-package-for-evo-morales>.
• Finchelstein, Federico. La Argentina fascista. Los Orígenes ideológicos de la dictadura. Buenos Aires: Editorial Sudamericana, 2013.
• Flood, Christopher. Political Myth: A Theoretical Introduction. New York and London: Rutledge, 2001.
• Floria, Carlos, García Belsunce, César A. La Argentina política. Una nación puesta a prueba, Aires: Editorial El Ateneo, 2005.
• Freije, Tom. “Powering up: Latin America’s energy challenges: the second Malvinas crisis?: Argentina and oil prospecting off the Falkland Islands”. [in:] Kitchen, Nicholas (ed.) IDEAS reports -strategic updates. London: London School of Economics, 2010.
• Freedman, Lawrence. The Official History of the Falklands Campaign: War and diplomacy. Vol. II – War and Diplomacy, Abington and New York: Routledge, 2005.
• Gardiner, Nile. “The Falklands conflict: tin-pot tyrant Hugo Chávez roars like a mouse against the British lion”. The Telegraph 20 Feb. 2010. Web 6 Dec. 2015. <http://blogs.telegraph.co.uk/news/nilegardiner/100026810/the-falklands-conflict-tin-pot-tyrant-hugo-chavezroars-like-a-mouse-against-the-british-lion/>.
• Gilbert, Jonathan. “Cristina Kirchner ‘using Falkland Islands as a smokescreen’ to hide failing economy”. The Telegraph, 7 Oct 2012. Web. 6 Dec 2015. <http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/southamerica/argentina/9592424/Cristina-Kirchner-using-Falkland-Islands-as-a-smokescreen-to-hide-failing-economy.html>
• Goldblat, Jozef. Millán, Viktor. “The Falklands/Malvinas conflict – a spur to arms build-ups”. [in] World Armaments and Disarmament: SIPRI Yearbook. London: Taylor & Francis, 1983: 467-527.
• Gómez, Silva. “Cumple 6 años el acampe más largo de la historia en Capital”. Diario Clarín 11 March 2014. Web. 6 Dec. 2015. <http://www.clarin.com/ciudades/Cumple-acampelargo-historia-Capital_0_1099690079.html>
• Greig Donald W. “Sovereignty and the Falkland Islands Crisis”. Australian Year Book of International Law 8 (1978): 20-70.
• Kubiak, Krzysztof. Wojna falklandzka 1982. Gdańsk: AJ Press, 2002.
• “La asombrosa excursión de Zamba en La Casa Rosada.” Educ.ar, n.d. Web. 6 Dec. 2015. <https://www.educ.ar/recursos/ver?id=104628>.
• “La asombrosa excursión de Zamba en las Islas Malvinas”. Pakapaka, n.d. Web. 6 Dec. 2015. <http://www.pakapaka.gob.ar/videos/106551>.
• Lawler, David. “Argentine soldiers were ‘tortured by their own officers’ during Falklands War”. The Telegraph, 15 Sep 2015. Web. 6 Dec. 2015. <http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/southamerica/argentina/11865087/Argentine-soldiers-were-tortured-bytheir-own-officers-during-Falklands-War.html>.
• “Ley 27.023 Obligatoriedad de todos los medios de transporte público. Sistema Argentino de Información Juridica, 19 Nov. 2014. Web. 5 Dec. 2015. <http://www.infojus.gob.ar/27023-nacional-obligatoriedad-todos-medios-transporte-publico-pasajeros-origennacional-disponer-sus-unidades-transporte-espacio-visible-destacado-debera-inscribirseleyenda-islas-malvinas-son-argentinas-lns0006017-2014-11-19/123456789-0abc-defg-g71-06000scanyel>.
• “Ley de Servicios de Comunicación Audiovisual Nº 26.522”. InfoLEG 10 Oct. 2009. Web. 5 Dec. 2015. <http://www.infoleg.gov.ar/infolegInternet/anexos/155000-159999/158649/norma.htm>.
• Macalister, Terry. “Drilling for oil in the Falklands now punishable with 15 years in jail”. The Guardian 28 Nov. 2013. Web. 6 Dec. 2015. <http://www.theguardian.com/uk-news/2013/nov/28/argentina-jail-threat-over-falklands-drilling>.
• Metford J. C. J. “Falklands or Malvinas? The Background to the Dispute”. International Affairs, 44.3, 1968: 463-481.
• Miller, Vaughne. “Argentina and the Falkland Islands. Standard Note SN/IA/5602”. House of Commons Library 27 January 2012. Web. 6 Dec. 2015. <http://researchbriefings.parliament.uk/ResearchBriefing/Summary/SN05602>
• Murillo, Maria Victoria. “Curtains for Argentina’s Kirchner Era”. Current History 114, 769, 2015: 56-61.
• “Museo Malvinas e Islas del Atlántico Sur”. Ministerio de Cultura, n.d. Web 6 Dec. 2015. <http://www.cultura.gob.ar/museos/museo-malvinas-e-islas-del-atlantico-sur/>.
• Niebieskikwiat, Natasha. “Explotar petróleo en Malvinas puede ser una catástrofe ambiental.” Diario Clarín 24 Oct. 2014. Web 6 Dec. 2015. <http://www.clarin.com/politica/Malvinas-soberania-Reino_Unido-Argentina-petroleo_0_1237676614.html>.
• Neild, Barry. Gilbert, Dave. “What lies behind renewed tensions over the Falkland Islands?” CNN 3 Jan. 2013. Web. 6 Dec. 2015. <http://edition.cnn.com/2013/01/03/world/falklands-argentina-background/>.
• Novaro, Marcos. Historia de Argentina 1955-2010. Buenos Aires: Siglo Veintiuno Editores, 2011.
• Novaro, Marcos. Palermo, Vicente. Historia Argentina 9. La Dictadura Militar 1976/1983. Del golpe de Estado a la restauración democratica. Buenos Aires: Paidós, 2011.
• “Plan de Emisiones”. Correo Argentino, n.d. Web. 5 Dec. 2015. <http://www.correoargentino. com.ar/plan-de-emisiones/emisiones-del-ano-2014>
• “Press Release 2015/23 – The Court rejects the preliminary objection raised by Chile andfinds that it has jurisdiction to entertain the Application filed by Bolivia on 24 April 2013”. International Court of Justice, 24 Sept. 2015. Web. 6 Dec. 2015. <http://www.icj-cij.org/docket/files/153/18756.pdf>
• Reisman, Michael W. “The Struggle for the Falklands”. The Yale Law Yournal 93, 1983: 287-317.
• “Resolution 2065 (XX), Question of the Falkland Islands (Malvinas), 16 December 1965”. United Nations. Web. 5 Dec. 2015. <http://daccess-ods.un.org/TMP/5506914.85404968.html>.
• “Resolution 3160 (XXVIII), Question of the Falkland Islands (Malvinas), 14 December 1973”. United Nations. Web. 5 Dec. 2015. <http://daccess-dds-ny.un.org/doc/RESOLUTION/ GEN/NR0/282/32/IMG/NR028232.pdf?OpenElement>.
• “Resolution 31/49, Question of the Falkland Islands (Malvinas), 1 December 1976”. United Nations. Web. 5 Dec. 2015. <http://daccess-dds-ny.un.org/doc/RESOLUTION/GEN/NR0/302/32/IMG/NR030232.pdf?OpenElement>.
• “Resolution 37/9 (1982) of 4 November, 1982”. United Nations. Web. 5 Dec. 2015. <http:// www.un.org/en/ga/search/view_doc.asp?symbol=A/RES/37/9>.
• Tondini, Bruno. “Islas Malvinas, su historia, la guerra y la economía, y los aspectos jurídicos su vinculación con el derecho humanitario”. Eumed.net, 2007. Web. 5 Dec. 2015. <http://www.eumed.net/libros-gratis/2007b/278/indice.htm>.
• “Results of the referendum on the Political Status of the Falkland Islands,” Falkland Islands Government, 23 March 2013. Web. 6 Dec. 2015. <http://www.falklands.gov.fk/ results-of-the-referendum on-the-political-status-of-the-falkland-islands/>.
• Soledad Montero, Ana.Vincent, Lucía. “Del “peronismo impuro” al “kirchnerismo puro”: la construcción de una nueva identidad política durante la Presidencia de Néstor Kirchneren Argentina (2003-2007)”. Revista POSTData 18.1, 2013: 123-157.
• Taylor, Claire. Miller, Vaughne. “The Falkland Islands: Twenty Five Years On. Research Paper 07/29”. House of Commons Library 21 March 2007. Web 6 Dec. 2015. <http://researchbriefings. parliament.uk/ResearchBriefing/Summary/RP07-29>
• Toomey, Christine. “Don’t Pry Into Me, Argentina”. The Sunday Times Magazine 16 Dec. 2007: 48-55.
• Wiñazki, Nicolás. “Un nuevo billete de 50 pesos con la imagen de las islas.” Diario Clarín 3 April 2014. Web. 5 Dec. 2015. <http://www.clarin.com/politica/nuevo-billete-pesosimagen islas_0_1113488654.html>.
• Withnall, Adam. “Argentina players’ Falklands protest sparks anger ahead of World Cupwarm-up friendly against Slovenia.” Independent 8 June 2014. Web. 6 Dec. 2015. <http://www.independent.co.uk/sport/football/news-and-comment/argentina-players-falklands-protest-sparks-anger-ahead-of-world-cup-warm-up-friendly-against-9507908.html>
• Zalewski, Marek J. Falklandzka pułapka, Warszawa: Krajowa Agencja Wydawnicza, 1982.

Identifiers

DOI

10.12797/AdAmericam.17.2016.17.09