Heavy rains in Brno Region (The Czech Republic)

• Authors: Gražyna Knozová
• Languages of publication: EN

Abstracts

EN

This study evaluates occurrence of the heavy rains at urban areas on the example of Brno agglomeration. Extreme precipitation events are studied with the help of 1-minute records from three urban sites in the Brno and one site in the rural region. Additionally data from nine Hellmann rain gauges from Brno and surroundings were used. The event of torrential rains was evaluated according to Wussow’s method. The study found that torrential rains occurred in Brno in the season from April to November. The fifteen-year long observation of the phenomenon at Brno-Žabovřesky station shows varying frequency of torrential rainfall - from none in 2007 to four in 2004 and 2010. The most extremal was catastrophic downpour on July 15, 2009 when precipitation sum reached total up to 42.7 mm in 52 minutes and the maximal rainfall intensity was 4.1 mm/min. This phenomenon occurs only one day after downpour on July 14, 2009. The overall number of torrential episodes is not very high, but it is compensated by the fact that they can repeat in a relatively short period of time, due to specific synoptic conditions. Maximum rainfall intensity during torrential rains reaches values of about 3 mm / min and the average proportion of torrential rain in the daily precipitation sum is around 70%. The phenomenon of heavy rains represents a significant problem for densely populated urban areas because such extreme rainfall has a large impact on the hydrological system of cities.

Keywords

EN

precipitation; downpour; urban climate; rainfall intensity; extreme weather

• Publisher: Sciendo
• Journal: Environmental & Socio-economic Studies
• Year: 2015
• Volume: 3
• Issue: 3
• Pages: 12-21

Dates

published

2015-09-01

online

2015-10-15

Contributors

author

Gražyna Knozová

• Czech Hydrometeorological Institute, Brno Regional Office, Kroftova Str. 43, 616 67 Brno, The Czech Republic

References

• Bornstein R.D., Lin Q. 2000. Urban heat islands and summertime convective thunderstorms in Atlanta: three case studies. Atmos. Environ., 34: 507-516.
• Brázdil R., Kirchner K., et al. 2007. Vybrané přírodní extrémy a jejích dopady na Moravě a ve Slezsku. Masarykova univ., Brno.
• ČHMÚ. 1988. Zpracování klimatologických informací. Účelová neperiodická publikace ČHMÚ.
• Daňhelka J., Janál P., Šercl P., et al. 2015. Možnost predikce přívalových povodní v podmínkách České republiky. Sborník prací Českého hydrometeorologického ústavu. ČHMÚ, Praha.
• Daňhelka J., Kubát J., Šercl P. Čekal. R. 2014. Floods in the Czech Republic in June 2013. ČHMÚ, Prague.
• De Ridder K., Lauwaet D., Maiheu B. 2015. UrbClim - A fast urban boundary layer climate model. Urban Climate, 12: 21-48.
• Dimitrova T., Mitzeva R., Savtchenko A. 2009. Environmental conditions responsible for the type of precipitation in summer convective storms over Bulgaria, Atmos. Res., 93: 30-38.
• Dobrovolný P. et al. 2012. Klíma Brna - Víceúrovňová analýza městského klimatu. Masarykova univ., Brno.
• Doleželová M., Knozová G. 2013. Investigating the extremity of precipitation regime and the occurence of downpours in the Czech Republic. Are there any alarming changes in the last decades? [in] Šiška B., Nejedlík P., Hájková L., Kožnárová V. (eds) Environmental changes and adaptation strategies. Conf. proceedings Abstracts, 9th-11th September 2013, Skalica, Slovakia: 13.
• Fortuniak K., Kłysik K., Wibig J. 2006. Urban-rural contrasts of meteorological parameters in Łódź. Theor. Appl. Climatol., 84, 1-3: 91-101.
• Knozová G. 2014a. Charakteristika přívalových srážek v Protivanově, Kroměříži a Vizovicích (2003-2013). Fyzickogeografický sbornik, 12, MU: 85-93.
• Knozová G. 2014b. The Occurrence of Hail in Selected Location within South Moravia Region in the Period 2003-2013. [in] Rožnovský J., Litschmann T. (eds) Mendel a bioklimatologie. Brno, 3. - 5. 9.
• Knozová G. (in print). Přívalové deště v Brně a jeho okolí v roce 2014. Fyzickogeografický sbornik, MU.
• Krátký M. 2014. Městské odpadní vody - významný zdroj vody pro závlahy. Vodní hospodářství, 10: 21-23.
• Lupikasza E. 2010. Relationships between occurrence of high precipitation and atmospheric circulation in Poland using different classifications of circulation types. Phys. Chem. Earth, 35: 448-455.
• Niedźwiedź T. 2003. Słownik meteorologiczny. IMGW, Warszawa.
• Pathirana A., Denekew H. B., Veerbeek W., Zevenbergen Ch., Banda A. 2014. Impact of urban growth-driven landuse change on microclimate and extreme precipitation - A sensitivity study. Atmos. Res., 138: 59-72.
• Pickett S.T.A., Cadenasso M.L., Grove J.M., Boone Ch.G., Groffman P.M., Irwin E., Kaushal S.S., Marshall V., McGrath B.P., Nilon C.H., Pouyat R.V., Szlavecz K., Troy A., Warren P. 2011. Urban ecological systems: Scientific foundations and a decade of progress. J. Environ. Manage., 92: 331 - 362.
• Prax P., Hradská A., Pospíšil O., Hellebrand R. 2010. Řešení dešťových vod v rámci generelu odvodnění města Brna. Hospodaření s dešťovými vodami ve městech a obcích. VUT Brno, FAST, Brno.
• Rubel F., Kottek M., 2010. Observed and projected climate shifts 1901-2100 depicted by world maps of the Köppen- Geiger climate classification. Meteorol. Z., 19: 135-141.
• Řezáčová D., Novák P., Kašpar M., Setvák M. 2007. Fizyka oblaků a srážek. Academia, Praha.
• Sobišek B. (ed). 1993. Meteorologický slovník výkladový a terminologický. Praha, Ministerstvo životního prostředí ČŘ.
• Šálek M., Štěpánek P., Zahradniček P. 2012. Analysis of rainfall intensities using very dense network measurements and radar information for the Brno area during the period 2003-2009. Meteorol. Z., 21, 1: 29-35.
• Trupl J. 1958. Intensity krátkodobých dešťů v povodí Labe, Odry a Moravy. Výzkumný ústav vodohospodářský. Práce a studie, 97.
• Twardosz R., Łupikasza E., Niedźwiedź T. 2011. Zmienność i uwarunkowania cyrkulacyjne występowania postaci i typów opadów atmosferycznych na przykładzie Krakowa. Wyd. Uniw. Jagiell., Kraków.
• Wussow G. 1922. Untere Grenze dichter Regenfälle. Meteorol. Z., 39: 173-178.
• Yang L., Smith J.A., Baeck M.L., Bou-Zeid E., Jessup S.M., Tian F., Hu H. 2013. Impact of urbanization on heavy convective precipitation under strong large-scale forcing: a case study over the Milwaukee-lake Michigan region. J. Hydrometeorol., 15 (1): 261-278.
• Zahradníček P., Trnka M., Brázdil R. , Možný M., Štěpánek P., Hlavinka P., Žalud Z., Malý A., Seméradová D., Dobrovolný P., Dubrovský M., Řezníčková L. 2015. The extreme drought episode of August 2011-May 2012 in the Czech Republic. Int. J. Climatol., 35, 11: 3335-3352.
• Zoccatelli D., Borga M., Zanon F., Antonescu B., Stancalie G. 2010. Which rainfall spatial information for flash flood response modelling? A numerical investigation based on data from the Carpathian range, Romania, J. Hydrol., 394: 148-161.
• http://brno.idnes.cz/voda-na-kolisti-0gt-/brnozpravy.aspx?c=A140731_142110_brno-zpravy_mich
• http://www.climahom.eu
• https://www.brno.cz

Identifiers

DOI

10.1515/environ-2015-0063