Motives for Donating: What Inspires Our Decisions to Make a Donation to Non-profit Organisations?1

• Authors: Marie Hladká , Vladimír Hyánek
• Languages of publication: EN

Abstracts

EN

Motivation represents a foundation cornerstone on which analyses in a number of humanities and social sciences are built. For a long time, economists have seen motivation as connected with the act of giving, trying to interpret it in the context of the neoclassical economics assumptions. The objective of this paper is to find answers to the question of what mainly motivates the Czech population in their decisions to make a donation and whether there is any interdependence among such motives. We also ask what the relationship is between the determining motives and the rate or frequency of donating. The donation models that we analyze and use as the basis of our research are nowadays considered being the principal or at least interesting donation models commonly taken into account by economists in their work. We have only focused on selected microeconomics models to make the text clearly targeted; specifically, we are examining the public goods model, private consumption model investment model and impure altruism model. The data were collected through a questionnaire survey and analysed by means of mathematical-statistical methods that are commonly used in similar cases, such as descriptive statistics, the Pearson correlation coefficient and the ANOVA method based on the F-test. The empirical testing confirmed several assumptions connecting with this type of a research; however, our paper opened a space for a follow-up research, too.

Keywords

EN

Altruism; charitable giving; motive; C91; D01; D64

• Publisher: Sciendo
• Journal: Review of Economic Perspectives
• Year: 2015
• Volume: 15
• Issue: 4
• Pages: 357-382

Dates

published

2015-12-01

received

2015-03-04

accepted

2015-09-01

online

2015-12-30

Contributors

author

Marie Hladká

• Department of Public Economics, Faculty of Economics and Administration, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic

author

Vladimír Hyánek

• Department of Public Economics, Faculty of Economics and Administration, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic

References

• ANDREONI, J. (1989). Giving with Impure Altruism: Applications to Charity and Ricardian Equivalence. Journal of Political Economy. 1989. Vol. 97, No. 6, pp. 1447-1458. DOI: 10.1086/261662[Crossref]
• ANDREONI, J. (1990). Impure Altruism and Donations to Public Goods: A Theory of Warm-Glow Giving. The Economic Journal. 1990. Vol. 100, No. 401, pp. 464-477.[Crossref]
• ANDREONI, J., PAYNE, A. (2011). Is crowding out due entirely to fundraising? Evidence from a panel of charities. In Journal of Public Economics. 2011. Vol. 95, No. 5-6, pp. 334-343. DOI: 10.1016/j.jpubeco.2010.11.011[Crossref][WoS]
• ARROW, K. (1974). Gifts and Exchanges. Philosophy and Public Affairs. 1974. Vol. 1, No.4, pp. 343-362.
• BADELT, Ch. (1985). Politische Ökonomie der Freiwilligenarbeit: theoretische Grundlegung und Anwendungen in der Sozialpolitik. New York: Campus Verlag. 1985. ISBN: 35-933-3449-6.
• BATSON, C. D., SHAW, L. L. (1991). Evidence for Altruism: Toward a Pluralism of Prosocial Motives. Psychological Inquiry. 1991. Vol. 2, No. 2, pp. 207-227.[Crossref]
• BECKER, G. S. (1974). A Theory of Social Interaction. Journal of Political Economy. 1974. Vol. 82, No. 6, pp. 1063-1093. DOI: 10.1086/260265[Crossref]
• BEKKERS, R., WIEPKING, P. (2010). A Literature Review of Empirical Studies of Philanthropy: Eight Mechanisms That Drive Charitable Giving. Nonprofit and Voluntary Sector Quarterly. 2010. Vol. 40, No. 5, pp. 924-973.[WoS][Crossref]
• BENNETT, R. (2003). Factors underlying the inclination to donate to particular types of charity. International Journal of Nonprofit and Voluntary Sector Marketing. 2003. Vol. 8, No. 1, pp. 12-29.
• COLLARD, D. (1979). Altruism and Economy: A Study in Non-Selfish Economics. The Economic Journal. 1979. Vol. 89, No. 355, pp. 681-683.
• DUNCAN, B. (1999). Modeling charitable contributions of time and money. Journal of Public Economics. 1999. Vol. 72, No. 2, pp. 213-242. DOI: 10.1016/S0047-2727(98)00097-8[Crossref]
• FRANK, R. H. (1995). Mikroekonomie a chování. 1st edition. Prague: Svoboda. 1995. ISBN: 80-205-0438-9.
• FRIČ, P. (2001). Dárcovství a dobrovolnictví v České republice: (výsledky výzkumu NROS a Agnes). 1st edition. Prague: Agnes. 2001. ISBN: 80-902-6337-2.
• GITTELL, R., TEBALDI, E. (2006). Charitable Giving: Factors Influencing Giving in U.S. States. Nonprofit and Voluntary Sector Quarterly. 2006. Vol. 35, No. 4, pp. 721-736. DOI: 10.1177/0899764006289768[Crossref]
• HLADKÁ, M, ŠINKYŘÍKOVÁ, T. (2009). Dárcovství v očích veřejnosti. Brno: Společnost pro studium neziskového sektoru. 2009. ISBN: 978-80-904150-4-1.
• HOOD, R. D., MARTIN, S. A., OSBERG, L. S. (1977). Economic Determinants of Individual Charitable Donations in Canada. The Canadian Journal of Economics. 1977. Vol. 10, No. 4, pp. 653-669.[Crossref]
• JAS, P. (2000). A gift relationship?: charitable giving in theory and practice. London: National Council for Voluntary Organisations. 2000. ISBN: 978-071-9915-765.
• KOLM, S. Ch. (2000). Introduction to the Economics of Reciprocity, Giving and Altruism. In GÉRARD-VARET, L., KOLM, S. Ch., MERCIER YTHIER, J. The economics of reciprocity, giving, and altruism. New York: St. Martin's Press. 2000. ISBN: 03-122-2956-9.
• KOTTASZ, R. (2004). How should charitable organisations motivate young professionals to give philanthropically? International Journal of Nonprofit and Voluntary Sector Marketing. 2004. Vol. 9, No. 1, pp. 9-27. DOI: 10.1002/nvsm.230[Crossref]
• KOTTASZ, R. et al. (2004). Differences in the Donor Behavior Characteristics of Young Affluent Males and Females: Empirical Evidence from Britain. VOLUNTAS: International Journal of Voluntary and Nonprofit Organizations. 2004. Vol. 15, No. 2, pp. 73-96.
• LAMMAM, Ch., GABLER, N. (2012). Determinants of charitable giving: A review of the literature. Fraser Institute. [online]. [Cit. 24-01-2014]. Available at www: <>.
• LLOYD, T. (2004). Why rich people give. London: Association of Charitable Foundations. 2004. ISBN: 978-189-7916-117.
• MARX, J., CARTER, V. (2014). Factors Influencing U.S. Charitable Giving during the Great Recession: Implications for Nonprofit Administration. Administrative Sciences. 2014. Vol. 4, No. 3, pp. 350-372. DOI:10.3390/admsci4030350[Crossref]
• MEIER, S. (2006). The economics of non-selfish behaviour: decisions to contribute money to public goods. Northhampton, MA: Edward Elgar Pub. 2006. ISBN: 18-454-2441-7.
• MENCHIK, P. L., WEISBROD, B. A. (1987). Volunteer labor supply. Journal of Public Economics. 1987. Vol. 32, No. 2, pp. 159-183. DOI: 10.1016/0047-2727(87)90010-7[Crossref]
• NAKONEČNÝ, M. (1999). Sociální psychologie. 1st edition. Prague: Academia. 287 pp. ISBN 80-200-0690-7.
• RANGANATHAN, S. K., HENLEY, W. H. (2008). Determinants of charitable donation intentions: a structural equation model. International Journal of Nonprofit and Voluntary Sector Marketing. 2008. Vol. 13, No. 1, pp. 1-11. DOI: 10.1002/nvsm.297[Crossref]
• ROBERTS, R. D. (1984). A Positive Model of Private Charity and Public Transfers. Journal of Political Economy. 1984. Vol. 92, No. 1, pp. 136-148. DOI: 10.1086/261212[Crossref]
• ŘEŽUCHOVÁ, M. (2011). Dárcovství v číslech. Brno: Společnost pro studium neziskového sektoru. 2011. ISBN: 978-809-0415-065.
• SAMUELSON, P. A. (1954). The Pure Theory of Public Expenditure. The Review of Economics and Statistics. 1954. Vol. 36, No. 4, pp. 387-389.[Crossref]
• SARGEANT, A. (1999). Charitable Giving: Towards a Model of Donor Behaviour. Journal of Marketing Management. 1999. Vol. 15, No. 4, pp. 215-238. DOI: 10.1362/026725799784870351[Crossref]
• SCHERVISH, P. G. (1997). Inclination, Obligation, and Association: What We Know and What We Need to Learn about Donor Motivation. Critical Issues in Fund Raising. 1997. pp.110-138.
• SCHERVISH, P. G. et al. (1997). Social participation and charitable giving: A multivariate analysis. Voluntas: International Journal of Voluntary and Nonprofit Organizations. 1997. Vol. 8, No. 3, pp. 269-281.
• SCHWARTZ, R. A. (1970). Personal philanthropic contributions. Journal of Political Economy. 1970. Vol. 78, No. 6, pp. 1264-1291. DOI: 10.1086/259708[Crossref]
• SMITH, A. (2005). Teorie mravních citů /The Theory of Moral Sentiments/. Prague: Liberální institut. 2005. ISBN: 80-863-8938-3.
• SUGDEN, R. (1983). On the Economics of Philanthropy: Reply. The Economic Journal. 1983. Vol. 93, No. 371, pp. 639-230.[Crossref]
• ŠKODOVÁ, Z. (2013). Praktický úvod do metodológie výskumnej práce. 2013. ISBN: 978-80-89544-43-1.
• WARR, P. G. (1982). Pareto optimal redistribution and private charity. Journal of Public Economics. 1982. Vol. 19, No. 1, pp. 131-138. DOI: 10.1016/0047-2727(82)90056-1[Crossref]
• ZIEMEK, S. (2003). The economics of volunteer labor supply: an application to countries of a different development level. New York: Peter Lang. 2003. ISBN: 36-315-1389-5.

Identifiers

DOI

10.1515/revecp-2015-0026